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THE  COLLECTION  OF 
NORTH  CAROLINLVNA 

ENDOWED  BY 

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Blooded  Horses 

of 
Colonial  Days 


CULVER 


•tfr. 


Blooded  Horses 

of 
Colonial  Days 


CLASSIC  HORSE  MATCHES  in  AMERICA 
BEFORE  THE  REVOLUTION 


By 

FRANCIS  BARNUM  CULVER 

BALTIMORE 
MCMXXII 

Published  by  the  Author 


£ 


COPYRIGHT   1922 
by 

Francis  Barnum  Culver 


Press  of 

Kohn  &  Pollcck,  Inc. 

Baltimore 


C  9^  i 


^ 


Foreword 

The  word  "classic"  is  used  advisedly  in  con- 
nection with  the  subtitle  of  this  monograph.  It 
is  defined  as  meaning  "of  the  first  or  highest 
class  or  rank."  Certainly,  the  colonial  period 
of  our  turf  history  belongs  to  that  category. 
For,  not  only  the  racers  but  also  their  owners 
were  of  the  highest  class.  Only  gentlemen,  in 
the  early  eighteenth  century  sense  of  the  term, 
were  permitted  to  match  their  horses  on  the  turf. 

During  the  earlier  colonial  period  County 
Fairs  were  the  occasions  for  the  exposition  of 
horses  for  sale,  according  to  the  English  custom, 
and  for  testing  the  qualities  of  these  animals. 
But  bottom  rather  than  dash  seems  to  have  been 
emphasized  in  the  earlier  horse-matches,  and 
sport  rather  than  improvement  of  breed  was  the 
incentive  to  action. 

From  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  to 
the  beginning  of  the  American  Revolution,  how- 
ever, was  a  period  remarkable  for  fine  horses; 
and  the  matching  of  thoroughbreds  on  the  turf 
became  the  vogue.  The  racers  were  usually  six 
or  eight  years  old,  and  the  courses  four  miles, 
over  which  from  three  to  five  heats  were  not 
infrequently  run. 


During  the  years  1745  to  1775,  racing  was 
established  at  almost  every  convenient  town  and 
public  place  in  Maryland,  in  Virginia  and  in  the 
Carolinas,  "where  the  inhabitants,  almost  to  a 
man,  were  devoted  to  this  fascinating  and  ra- 
tional amusement;  when  all  ranks  and  denomi- 
'  nations  were  fond  of  horses,  especially  those  of 
the  race  breed;  when  gentlemen  of  fortune  ex- 
pended large  sums  on  their  studs,  sparing  no 
pains  or  trouble  in  importing  the  best  stock,  and 
improving  the  breed  by  judicious  crossing." 
Governors,  councillors,  legislators  and  gentle- 
men either  imported,  or  bred,  or  matched  thor- 
oughbred horses. 

To  this  day  the  influence  of  those  early  im- 
portations and  of  the  spirit  of  emulation  on  the 
part  of  the  American  gentlemen  of  colonial  days 
is  felt  in  this  country,  and  the  good  seed  first 
sown  in  Maryland  and  Virginia  has  brought 
forth  good  fruit,  and  that  abundantly. 

It  is  noteworthy  that  a  Maryland-bred  horse, 
Selim,  was  the  record-getter  of  the  turf  before 
the  Revolution.  In  the  year  1767,  Selim,  aged 
eight  years,  son  of  imported  Othello  out  of  im- 
ported Selima,  carrying  one  hundred  and  forty 
pounds,  was  the  successful  runner  at  Philadel- 
phia, covering  the  four-mile  course  in  8  minutes 
and  2  seconds,  over  an  unusually  heavy  track, 
beating  three  imported  racers  of  the  North. 
Fifteen  years  before,  in  Virginia,  Selim's  dam, 
imported  Selima,  had  beaten  four  celebrities  of 


the  Old  Dominion,  including  two  imported 
steeds  of  Colonel  Tayloe's,  Childers  and  Jenny 
Cameron. 

During  the  period  portrayed  herein,  about 
three  hundred  horses  of  greater  or  less  celebrity 
in  American  turf  annals,  many  of  them  imported 
from  Old  England  into  Maryland,  Virginia,  the 
Carolinas,  New  York,  and  Pennsylvania,  are 
noticed  in  these  pages.  More  or  less  extended 
accounts  are  given  of  some  of  the  leading  dev- 
otees of  the  turf  in  colonial  days;  the  foremost 
stud  farms  are  mentioned;  the  localities  where 
the  races  were  held  from  year  to  year  and  the 
performance  of  the  horses  in  each  race  are  rec- 
orded. 

It  may  be  objected  that  the  author  has  de- 
voted more  space  to  colonial  Maryland  turf 
history  than  a  fair  apportionment  of  the  subject 
warrants.  His  answer  is,  Maryland  aside  from 
her  supereminent  place  in  the  matters  of  colonial 
importation  and  breeding  of  fine  horses,  may  be 
regarded  as  reflecting  the  attitude  of  that  age 
with  respect  to  the  sports  of  the  turf,  partic- 
ularly in  the  Southern  provinces.  Ab  uno 
disce  omnes!  Besides,  the  records  of  this  Prov- 
ince are  rich  in  material,  while  her  turf  history 
has  never  been  adequately  treated  heretofore. 

The  author  takes  this  opportunity  to  acknow- 
ledge the  kind  offices  of  Mr.  William  Wood- 
ward, of  New  York  and  Maryland;  of  Mrs. 
Charles  H.  Hartshorne,  of  New  Jersey,  and  of 


Mr.  Howard  Sill,  of  Baltimore,  in  permitting 
the  use  of  their  photographs  of  historic  places 
and  objects  which  appear  among  the  illustra- 
tions. He  is  further  indebted  to  the  Librarian 
of  Congress,  and  to  the  librarians  of  the  various 
historical  societies  belonging  to  the  several 
states  herein  mentioned,  for  their  helpful  sug- 
gestions in  the  matter  of  bibliography,  manu- 
script records,  etc.,  relating  to  the  history,  in 
their  respective  communities,  of  the  ancient  and 
honorable  sports  of  the  turf. 


The  Author. 


Baltimore,  Maryland, 
December,  1921. 


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(Courtesy  of  Mrs.  Charles  H.  Hartshorne.  of  New  Jersey) 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 


Table  of  Contents 


His  Imperial  Majesty  the  Horse 13 

Origin  of  Racing  in  England 19 

Horse-Breeding  and  Racing  in  tlie  Province  of  Maryland.  .  25 

Colonial  Maryland's  Foremost  Turf  Patrons 35 

Some  Famous  Horses  of  the  Olden  Time 49 

Annals  of  the  Turf  in  Colonial  Maryland 55 

Colonial  Sportsmen  Who  Competed  in  Maryland's  Turf 

Contests   12) 

Maryland  Racing  Centers  (1745-1775) 76 

Old  Maryland  Jockey  Club 11 

Appendix  to  Maryland  Turf  Section : 

(Racing  Memoriabilia,  Pedigrees,  etc.) 79 

Horse-Breeding  in  Colonial  Virginia 99 

Horse-Racing  in  Colonial  Virginia Ill 

Annals  of  the  Turf  in  Colonial  Virginia 114 

Virginia  Sportsmen  and  Their  T Torses 121 

Appendix  to  Virginia  Turf  Section  : 

(Racing  Memorabilia,  Pedigrees,  etc.) 123 

The  Sports  of  the  Turf  in  the  Carolinas 131 

The  Thoroughbred  Horse  in  Provincial  Nevir  York 143 

The  Thoroughbred  Horse  in  Pennsylvania 151 

The  Horse  in  Colonial  New  England 153 


Illustrations 


The  Godolphin  Arabian 

Annapolis  Subscription  Plate  of  1743 

"Belair,"  the  Seat  of  the  Ogle  Family 

Entrance  to  "Belair" 

"Tulip  Hill,"  the  Home  of  the  Galloways 

Town  Fair  and  Horse-Race  Announcement 

"Whitehall,"  the  Home  of  Gov.  Sharpe 

"Mount  Airy,"  the  Home  of  the  Tayloes 


His  Imperial  Majesty,  The  Horse 


WYNKYN  DE  WORDE,  printer  at 
London,  and  Caxton's  successor  in  1491, 
enumerates  fifteen  points  of  a  good 
horse,  and  in  quaint  fashion  describes  them  thus: 
"A  good  horse  sholde  have  three  propyrtees 
of  a  man,  three  of  a  woman,  three  of  a  foxe, 
three  of  a  haare,  and  three  of  an  asse.  Of  a  man, 
bolde,  prowde  and  hardye.  Of  a  woman,  faire- 
breasted,  faire  of  heere  and  easy  to  move.  Of 
a  foxe,  a  faire  taylle,  short  eers,  with  a  good 
trotte.  Of  a  haare,  a  grate  eye,  a  dry  head,  and 
well  rennynge.  Of  an  asse,  a  bygge  chynn,  a 
fiat  legge  and  a  good  hoof". 

His  physical  "properties"  (according  to 
Wynkyn's  apparently  whimsical  classification) 
aside,  the  horse  is,  next  to  our  humble  servitor 
the  dog,  the  most  faithful  of  domestic  animals; 
certainly  he  has  been,  from  time  immemorial, 
the  most  useful. 

Among  the  Greeks,  he  was  highly  regarded, 
and   the   names   of   individuals   derived    from 


J4  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

hippos  (horse)  signified,  generally  speaking,  an 
aristocratic  origin;  notably,  as  for  example, 
Hippolytos,  son  of  Theseus,  duke  of  Athens; 
Hippolyta,  queen  of  the  Amazons  and  daughter 
of  Mars;  Hippomenes,  a  Grecian  prince  who 
outstripped  Atalanta  in  the  celebrated  foot-race 
wherein  the  apple,  that  fruit  of  ill  omen,  again 
played  a  decisive  role;  Hippodameia,  wife  of 
Pelops,  and  ancestress  of  the  Atreidae;  Hippo- 
cleides  the  Athenian,  Aristippos  the  Cyrenaic, 
and  others.  According  to  the  old  Greek  method 
of  appraisement  the  cheapest  price  for  a  bad 
horse  was  more  than  the  average  for  a  good 
slave/ 

Mythology  tells  us  that  the  first  to  ride  and 
tame  a  horse  for  the  use  of  man  was  Melizyus, 
King  of  Thessaly,  in  the  Golden  Age  of  Saturn, 
and  history  records  that  Bucephalus,  the  war- 
horse  of  Alexander  the  Great,  gave  his  name  to 
a  city.  In  the  39th  chapter  of  the  Book  of  Job 
there  is  an  exquisite  poem  dedicated  to  the  horse 
that  "mocketh  at  fear",  that  "smelleth  the  battle 
afar  off,  the  thunder  of  the  captains  and  the 
shouting".  The  Parthians,  who  became  Rome's 
most  formidable  rival  in  the  Orient,  were  ex- 
traordinary and  wonderful  horsemen. 

The  poet,  Virgil,  tells  us  {Georgics,  Book 
III):- 

'The  Greeks  had  horse  races  {'aycbvEQ  'iTinixoi)  ,  both  with 
chariots  and  for  riders.  These  races  were  held  in  connection  with 
the  observance  of  religious  festivals. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  /f 

"Bold  Ericthonius  was  the  first  who  join'd 
Four  horses  for  the  rapid  race  designed, 
And  o'er  the  dusty  wheels  presiding  sate: 
The  Lapithac,  to  chariots,  add  the  state 
Of  bits  and  bridles;  taught  the  steed  to  bound. 
To  run  the  ring,  and  trace  the  mazy  round; 
To  stop,  to  fly,  the  rules  of  war  to  know; 
T'obey  the  rider,  and  to  dare  the  foe." 

We  inherit  our  regard  for  the  horse  from 
our  Anglo-Norman  ancestors.  To  this  faithful 
and  useful  creature  the  peaceful  husbandman 
never  turned  in  vain ;  on  him  the  warrior  in 
battle  and  the  combatant  in  knightly  tournament 
depended.  Shakespeare,  in  his  famous  tragedy, 
makes  Richard  of  England  cry  out:  "A  horse! 
a  horse!  My  kingdom  for  a  Horse!"  In- 
deed, to  be  "unhorsed"  and  made  to  "bite  the 
dust"  was  a  dreadful  thing  for  the  mail-clad 
knight  who,  wounded  and  weakened  by  the  con- 
test, and  encumbered  with  his  armour,  stifled  as 
the  dust  rolled  in  under  his  helmet  whose  closed 
visor  made  death  by  suffocation  almost  certain. 
A  king  should  have  had  "better  luck,"  as  Roy- 
alty wore  the  helmet  protected  in  front  by  bars, 
and  with  beaver  open. 

Miss  Yonge,  in  her  "History  of  Christian 
Names",  observes:  "No  sacred  animal  was  in 
more  request  than  the  horse.  Even  the  gods 
had  their  wonderful  horses,  among  which  we 
may  mention  Hrimfaxi,  the  horse  of  night,  from 
whose  bit  fall  the  rime-drops  that  every  morn- 


i6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

ing  bedew  the  earth;  Sleepner  (the  slippery), 
the  eight-footed  steed  of  Odin;  and  Gullfaxi, 
or  gold  mane,  that  belonged  to  the  giant  Hrim- 
grim." 

Our  word  "horse",  in  fact,  is  derived,  by 
metathesis,  from  the  Teutonic  hross.  "The 
eastern  origin  of  the  Teutons  was  never  more 
shown  than  by  their  homage  to  horses.  Beauti- 
ful and  choice  white  steeds  were  reserved  for 
the  gods,  drawing  the  wagons  that  conveyed  the 
images,  when  the  army  went  out  to  battle,  or 
a  colony  migrated,  and  omens  were  derived 
from  their  neighings  when  alive,  and  from  their 
heads  when  killed  in  sacrifice." 

Great  sacrifices  of  horses  were  made  on 
solemn  occasions,  and  feasts  were  had  upon 
their  flesh  as  a  religious  rite,  so  that  the  abstain- 
ing from  horse  flesh  became  absolutely  a  test  of 
Christianity.  The  converted  Germans  were 
forbidden  in  the  eighth  century,  by  Pope  Greg- 
ory III,  to  eat  ravens,  vultures  or  horses;  a 
custom  that  we  can  hardly  pretend  to  sniff  at, 
as  being  unrefined,  when  there  are  many  among 
us  to-day  who  eat  the  vitals  of  slain  creatures, 
such  as  the  heart,  the  liver,  the  kidney  and  the 
gizzard,  and  appear  to  relish  them  as  dainty 
and  delectable  morsels. 

The  horse  was  the  national  emblem  of  the 
Saxons.  White  horses  cut  out  in  the  chalky 
hillsides  of  Southern  England  from  time  im- 
memorial,  attest  the  antiquity  of   the  symbol 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  17 

Still  used  by  the  county  of  Kent  and  by  the 
Anglian-Continental   province  of   Hanover. 

In  the  mediaeval  period,  as  heraldry  de- 
veloped through  the  agency  of  the  Crusades, 
the  horse  became  a  frequent  device  in  connec- 
tion with  coat-armor.  In  fact  as  far  back  in 
time  as  the  battle  of  Hastings  (1066),  we  are 
told,  Ferrers,  the  Master  of  Horse  to  William 
the  Conqueror,  bore  as  his  arms:  argent  six 
horse-shoes  sable,  a  bearing  still  retained  by  the 
Ferrers  family.  While  a  horse-shoe  may  not 
be  considered  a  classic  device,  yet  in  the  Ferrers 
arms  it  shows  an  old  and  noble  family  and  per- 
petuates the  glory  of  the  founder  of  the  house. 

In  our  own  land,  from  Pioneer  days  down 
to  more  recent  times,  the  horse  has  been  an  in- 
dispensable companion  and  factor  of  our  prog- 
ress in  civilization.  He  was  the  means  of  con- 
veyance for  our  American  ancestors  as  they  mi- 
grated to  distant  sections  of  the  country,  and 
he  possessed  also  the  acute  faculty  of  snuffing 
an  Indian  at  a  great  distance,  thereby  warning 
the  settler  of  impending  danger. 

Of  the  usefulness  of  the  horse  in  later  years, 
and  of  the  regard  and  esteem  in  which  he  is 
held,  it  is  not  necessary  here  to  speak.  Today, 
as  he  passes  from  the  wider  field  of  his  former 
activities,  according  to  the  law  of  the  survival 
of  the  fittest,  we  yield  him  our  devoir,  and  be- 
stow upon  him  the  meed  of  our  praise  and  grati- 
tude. 


Origin  of  Racing  In  England 

Horses  exposed  for  sale  at  Smithfield,  an 
English  mart  for  this  noble  animal,  during  the 
reign  of  King  Henry  H,  in  the  twelfth  century 
of  our  era,  were  pitted  against  one  another  to 
show  their  qualities.  King  John,  who  was  a 
sportsman,  kept  running  horses;  the  Edwards, 
H,  HI  and  IV,  were  breeders  of  the  equine 
and  Henry  VHI  imported  some  from  the  East. 

However,  we  must  not  associate  these  horses 
with  those  now  used  for  the  turf.  The  former 
appear  to  have  been  light  and  speedy  animals 
employed  in  active  pursuits  and  the  sports  of  the 
chase,  and  named  in  contradistinction  to  the  war 
horse,  then  required  to  be  heavy  and  powerful 
to  sustain  a  man  in  armour — usually  a  weight 
of  upwards  of  two  hundred  and  eighty  pounds. 

"The  invention  of  gunpowder  and  the  con- 
sequent abandonment  of  armour  were  the  first 
causes  of  the  change  of  breed  in  the  English 
horse,  and  racing  between  the  lighter  animals 
seems  to  have  been  frequent  in  the  time  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  but  it  was  not  until  the  reign 
of  James  I  (1603-1625)  that  private  matches 
between  gentlemen,  then  their  own  jockeys,  be- 
came common.  James  was  the  real  founder  of 
horse-racing  in  England.     He  loved  the  sport 


20  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

for  its  own  sake,  and  frequently  attended  the 
races  at  Croydon  and  Enfield. 

The  first  public  race  meetings  appear  at 
Garterly,  in  Yorkshire;  Croydon,  in  Surrey; 
and  at  Theobald's,  on  Enfield  Chase,  the  prize 
being  a  golden  bell/  The  art  of  training  also 
may  now  be  said  to  have  commenced.  Strict  at- 
tention was  paid  to  the  food  and  exercise  of  the 
horse,  but  the  effect  of  weight  was  not  taken  into 
consideration;  ten  stone  (140  pounds)  being 
generally,  we  have  reason  to  believe,  both  the 
maximum  and  minimum  of  what  the  horses 
carried. 

King  James  patronized  racing;  he  gave  £154 
(some  say,  erroneously,  £500)  for  an  Arabian 
which,  according  to  the  Duke  of  Newcastle, 
was  of  little  value,  having  been  beaten  easily  by 
the  native  horses.  The  first  valuable  prize,  a 
silver-gilt  cup  and  cover,  the  gift  of  the  alder- 
men of  Stamford,  was  run  for,  there,  in  the  time 
of  Charles  I,  and  races  were  afterwards  held,  in 
1640,  both  at  Newmarket  and  in  Hyde  Park. 

Oliver  Cromwell  was  not  indifferent  to  the 
breed  of  race-horses.  The  oldest  of  our  pedi- 
grees end  with  that  of  White  Turk,  one  of  his 
stallions;  and  he  had  a  famous  mare  called  the 
Coffin  mare,  from  her  being  concealed  in  a 
vault  during  the  search  for  his  effects  at  the 
time  of  the  Restoration. 


^Strutt  dates  the  commencement  of  regular  racing  in  England 
from  the  institution  of  a  silver  bell  as  the  prize  at  the  Chester  races 
in  the   31st  year  of  Henry  VIII    (1540). 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  21 

Charles  II  encouraged  racing,  and  in  his 
reign  the  prizes  began  to  be  valuable.  Among 
them  were  pieces  of  plate  of  the  value  of  one 
hundred  guineas  and  upwards.  About  the  year 
1670,  Charles  sent  abroad  the  Master  of  Horse 
for  the  purpose  of  selecting  mares  and  stallions 
for  the  royal  stud  at  Hampton  Court.  The  se- 
lection was  made  entirely  of  Arabians  and 
Barbs,  and  the  mares  were  called  'royal  mares'. 
He  was  the  breeder  of  Dodsworth,  the  earliest 
race-horse  whose  pedigree  can  be  properly 
authenticated.  This  was  the  true  starting-point 
of  the  British  pedigree  of  horses." 

James  II  on  his  return  to  France,  kept  Eng- 
lish horses;  William  and  Mary  patronized  the 
turf,  and  George  I  about  1727,  instituted  "kings 
plates",  as  they  have  since  been  called,  being 
one  hundred  guineas  paid  in  cash.  The  Godol- 
phin  Arabian  the  founder  of  our  best  blood, 
appeared  in  the  reign  of  George  II,  or  more 
exactly,  in  the  year  1730.  Regular,  organized 
racing,  however,  on  the  English  turf  commences 
somewhere  between  1740  and  1750,  and  the 
British  Jockey  Club,  according  to  Hon.  Francis 
Lawley,  a  recognized  authority,  was  not  organ- 
ized until  1750.  In  1752,  there  were  between 
seventy  and  eighty  race-meetings  in  England, 
and  sixty  thoroughbred  stallions  standing  in  va- 
rious parts  of  the  kingdom. 


Horse  Breeding  and  Racing 

in  the 

Province  of  Maryland 


Horse  Breeding  a^rd  Racing  in  the 
Province  of  Maryland 


Horses  were  plentiful  in  Maryland  from 
the  earliest  days  of  the  Province.  In  1692,  an 
Act  entitled,  "An  Act  for  thq  Restrayning  the 
unreasonable  Encrease  of  Horses  in  this  Prov- 
ince", was  passed  and  became  a  lavs^.  In  1694, 
an  attempt  was  made  to  repeal  this  law,  and  the 
following  year  an  amendment  to  the  former  Act 
was  proposed,  for  the  purpose  of  preventing 
"the  greate  Evill  occasioned  by  the  Multiplicity 
of  Horses  within  this  Province".  In  the  pre- 
amble it  recites  that  "from  the  great  Numbers 
and  Abundance  of  Horses  there  arise  many 
great  Evills  and  Inconveniencyes  to  the  Inhabi- 
tants of  this  Province,  as  namely,  the  small 
Stature  of  Stallions  running  wild  dothe  Lessen 
and  Spoyle  the  whole  Breed  and  Streyne  of  all 
Horses,"  but,  particularly,  the  destruction  of 
cornfields,  pastures,  etc.,  was  occasioned  thereby. 
The  result  was  the  owners  were  ordered  to  keep 
their  horses  pent  up  by  "good  and  sufficient  en- 
closures".' 

In  171 3,  an  Act  passed  in  1704  was  revived, 
prohibiting  the  bringing  of  "horses,  mares,  colts 

'Advertisements  for  "strays"  were  frequently  published  in 
the  newspapers  of  the  later  colonial  period. 


26  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

or  fillies  from  Pennsylvania  and  the  territories 
thereto  belonging",  into  the  Province  for  sale. 
Again  in  1735,  "the  question  was  put  that  a 
Bill  be  brought  in  to  prevent  the  bringing  of 
horses,  mares,  colts  and  fillies  into  this  Prov- 
ince," but  it  was  resolved  in  the  negative/ 

From  the  foregoing  passages,  it  is  evident 
that  the  matter  of  horse  breeding  in  Maryland 
was  a  problem  of  public  concern  at  an  early 
period,  and  one  which  engaged  the  attention  of 
our  colonial  legislators.  But  it  was  not  until 
the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  that  the 
breeding  of  thoroughbreds  and  regular  horse- 
racing,  after  the  approved  English  fashion, 
were  introduced  into  the  Province. 

The  local  historian,  Scharf,  tells  us  that 
"crossed  with  thoroughbreds,  the  mares  of  this 
country  stock  produced  excellent  hunters  and 
racers,  and  horse-racing  was  a  favorite  amuse- 
ment of  the  Province.  So  common,  in  fact, 
were  scrub  and  quarter-races  at  every  gathering 
of  the  people,  on  Sundays,  on  Saturday  after- 
noons and  at  Quaker  meetings,  that  they  had  to 
be  prohibited  by  special  Acts  of  Legislature. 

"Regular  matched  races  between  pedigreed 
horses,  in  the  English  style,  are  said  to  have  been 
introduced  at  Annapolis  by  Governor  Ogle 
about  1745,  and  it  was  then  that  the  Maryland 
Jockey   Club   was   first   founded.      After    this, 


*Md.   Arch.  XXXVIII.    5,    11,    182;   XXXIX.   232:   XL.    151-2, 
162,   180,   197-8. 


Blcoded  Horses  of   Colonial  Days  27 

purse-racing  and  racing  for  cups  became  a  regu- 
lar amusement  at  every  county  town  during 
Court.  Every  fall  and  spring  there  were  races 
at  Marlborough  and  Chestertown,  at  Joppa  and 
Elkridge,  quite  as  much  as  at  Annapolis  and 
Williamstadt/  The  purses  varied  from  thirty 
to  one  hundred  pistoles,  and  the  best  horses  in 
the  country  were  entered  for  the  match. 

"The  Chestertown  races  were  particularly 
celebrated,  and  on  this  course  Maryland  and 
Virginia  often  contended  together,  as  also  did 
the  gentlemen  breeders  of  Kent  and  Queen 
Annes  and  Talbot  counties. 

"On  the  24th  of  November,  1766,  for  in- 
stance, a  race  was  run  at  Chestertown  for  a  purse 
of  one  hundred  pistoles,  expressly  offered  by 
the  gentlemen  of  the  place,  in  order  to  bring 
together  'the  two  most  famous  horses  on  this  Con- 
tinent'. These  were  Yorick  of  Virginia,  and 
Selim  of  Maryland.  Yorick  had  started  for 
and  won  seven  matches  and  plates,  whilst  Selim 
had  never  been  beaten.  The  race  was  for  four- 
mile  heats;  it  was  witnessed  by  an  immense 
crowd  from  every  part  of  the  country  and  was 
won  by  the  Maryland  horse. 

"Governor  Ogle  was  one  of  the  earliest  to 
import  English  thoroughbred  stallions;  but  his 
example  was  soon  followed  by  others.  Figure, 
a  horse  that  had  never  been  beaten  and  had  won 
purses  at  Preston  and  Carlisle,  in  England,  was 

'Oxford,   Maryland. 


28  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

run  at  Annapolis  in  1767,  by  his  owner,  Dr. 
Hamilton.  The  usual  subscription  purse  at 
Annapolis  was  one  hundred  guineas.  The  races 
generally  lasted  a  week  (  ?)  and  were  invariably 
closed  with  a  ball  at  the  Assembly-rooms,  while 
Hallam  and  Henry's  Dramatic  Company  usu- 
ally managed  to  be  on  hand  during  the  race  week 
at  Annapolis  and  Marlborough,  and  sometimes 
at  Chestertown.  These  races  were  great  gather- 
ings always Endurance  rather  than  speed 

was  the  quality  expected  of  the  racers.  They 
were  wanted  for  service  far  more  than  for 
dash.'" 

Scharf  may  well  have  added  that  during 
this  period  prior  to  the  Revolutionary  War, 
Maryland  horses  ran  advertised  matches  at  or 
near  Upper  and  Lower  Marlborough,  Bladens- 
burg,  Piscataway,  Nottingham,  Rock  Creek,  and 
Queen  Anne  Town,  in  Prince  Georges  County; 
at  Port  Tobacco  and  New  Port,  in  Charles 
County;  at  Leonardtown,  in  St.  Marys  County; 
at  Frederick  Town  and  Georgetown,  in  Fred- 
erick County;  at  Oxford  and  Talbot  County 
Courthouse,'  in  Talbot  County;  at  Charlestown, 
in  Cecil  County;  at  Broad  Creek,  on  Kent 
Island;  at  Gloucester  and  Alexandria,  in  Vir- 
ginia; at  Philadelphia,  in  Pennsylvania,  as  well 
as  at  Baltimore,  Annapolis,  Elk  Ridge,  Chester- 
town,  et  cetera.     Some  of  the  earliest  races  of 


"Scharf's   "History   of   Maryland",   II.   73. 
'Now,  Easton,  Maryland. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonud  Days  2g 

this  period  were  run  in  connection  with  County 
"Fairs."  The  regular  matches  will  be  described 
under  the  chapter  dealing  with  the  '^Annals  of 
the  Turf  in  Colonial  Maryland." 

The  practical  results  of  these  races  were  "to 
encourage  and  improve  the  breed  of  fine  horses". 
They  were  patronized  by  the  Governors  of  the 
Province  as  early  as  we  have  any  information 
through  the  channels  of  the  newspapers,  and 
were  encouraged  by  many  among  the  most  re- 
spectable characters  of  the  times.  Governors, 
Councillors,  Legislators  and  gentlemen  were 
engaged  in  the  laudable  and  fascinating  sports 
of  the  turf. 

The  first  announcement  of  public  horse-rac- 
ing at  or  near  Annapolis,  of  which  we  have  a 
record,  is  advertised  in  the  Maryland  Gazette 
of  May  17th,  1745.  It  reads  as  follows:  "Notice 
is  hereby  given.  That  on  Thursday  and  Friday, 
the  30th  and  31st  Days  of  this  Instant  May,  will 
be  Run  for  at  John  Conner's  in  Anne  Arundel 
County,  the  Sum  of  Ten  Pounds  Currency,  the 
first  Day;  and  on  the  following  Day,  will  be 
Run  for  at  the  same  Place,  the  Sum  of  Five 
Pounds  Currency:  By  any  Horse,  Mare  or 
Gelding  [Old  Ranter  and  Limber-Sides  ex- 
cepted) ;  to  carry  115  pounds,  three  heats,  the 
course  Two  Miles. 

"The  Horses  &c.,  to  be  Entered  with  John 
Conner,  before  10  o'clock  in  the  Forenoon  of 
each  Day  of  Running:  paying  Entrance  Money 


30  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

15  s.  the  first  Day,  and  10  s.  the  Day  following." 

We  are  not  informed  how  this  race  came  ofif, 
and  I  have  not  been  able  to  obtain  any  additional 
indisputable  data  relating  to  the  earlier  history 
of  the  two  horses,  Old  Ranter  and  Limber  Sides, 
beyond  the  mere  mention  of  their  exclusion  from 
the  running;  but  it  is  likely  that  they  were 
horses  of  considerable  local  celebrity.  John 
Conner's  place,  where  these  races  were  run,  was 
a  public  house  about  seven  miles  from  London 
town,  toward  West  River.  Ridgely,  in  his  "An- 
nals of  Annapolis",  says  it  was  probably,  at  the 
place  so  well  known  as  "Redmile's  Tavern." 

In  September  of  the  same  year  (1745),  the 
Gazette  advertises:  "A  Fair  will  be  kept  at 
Mr.  Murdock's  Old  Fields,  near  Queen  Anne 
Town,  Prince  Georges  County" ;  on  the  first  day 
of  the  Fair,  a  race  to  be  run  for  Thirty  Pounds 
Current  Money,  and  on  the  second  day  another 
for  Twenty  Pounds.  The  horses  to  be  entered 
with  Mr.  William  Beall  at  Queen  Anne,  and  all 
dififerences  and  disputes  to  be  determined  by 
Thomas  Harwood  and  Thomas  Brooke,  Jr. 

As  stated  by  Scharf  and  by  Ridgely,  about 
this  period  a  jockey-club  was  instituted  at  An- 
napolis, consisting  of  many  principal  gentlemen 
in  this  and  in  the  adjacent  provinces,  some  of 
whom,  in  order  to  encourage  the  breed  of  this 
noble  animal,  imported  from  England,  at  a  very 
great  expense,  horses  of  high  reputation.    This 


Blooded  Florscs  of  Colonial  Days  Jl 

club  existed  for  many  years/  The  race-course 
at  this  time  and  for  a  number  of  years  after,  was 
located  in  that  part  of  Annapolis  just  beyond  the 
spot  where  Severe's  blacksmith-shop  formerly 
stood,  embracing  a  circle  of  one  mile,  taking  in 
all  that  portion  of  the  town  now  built  up.  Sub- 
sequently, the  course  was  removed  to  a  field 
some  short  distance  beyond  the  city,  on  which 
course  some  of  the  most  celebrated  horses  ever 
known  in  America  have  run. 

But  horse-racing  was  not  confined  to  the 
more  populous  sections  of  provincial  Maryland 
that  border  on  the  Chesapeake  bay  and  its  tribu- 
taries. As  far  to  the  westward  as  Frederick 
County,  which  in  pre-revolutionary  days  em- 
braced all  the  territory  now  known  as  Western 
Maryland,  the  sports  of  the  turf  were  popular 
at  an  early  period.  Frederick  County,  settled 
largely  by  immigrants  from  southern  Maryland, 
and  named  in  honor  of  Prince  Frederick,  heir 
apparent  to  the  English  throne,  was  erected  in 
1748.  Frederick  Town,  which  became  the 
county-seat,  had  been  laid  out  in  1745. 

On  26  April  1749,  only  four  years  after  the 
town  was  laid  out,  the  old  Maryland  Gazette 
advertises:  "To  be  Run  for  at  Frederick  Town 
in  Frederick  County,  A  Subscription  of  Twenty- 
Eight  Pounds,  Two  Shillings  and  sixpence,  on 
May  9th;  Ten  Pounds  on  May  loth;  and  Three 

^It  is  the  author's  opinion  that  some  sort  of  organized  racing 
association  existed  at  Annapolis  as  early  as  the  years  1740-1743. 


32  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Pounds,  Two  Shillings  and  sixpence,  on  May 
nth,  etc.,  the  horses  &c.  to  carry  weight  for 
inches,  and  the  winning  horses  to  be  excepted 
each  day."  The  racers  were  to  be  entered  with 
Kennedy  Farrell,  and  differences  and  disputes 
decided  by  John  Darnall,  Esq.,  and  Captain 
Nathaniel  Wickham. 

Scharf,  in  his  History  of  Western  Maryland, 
vol.  I,  page  490,  relates  that  "on  an  extremely 
hot  day  in  the  month  of  August,  1760,  a  remark- 
able race  was  run  from  Frederick  Town  to  An- 
napolis, by  a  large  horse  with  a  man  on  his 
back,  and  a  small  mare  with  a  boy,  for  the  sum 
of  seventy-five  pistoles,  fifty  to  twenty-five  being 
laid  on  the  horse,  which  won,  performing  it  in 
exactly  eleven  hours,  four  of  which  the  two 
contestants  travelled  very  gently  together.  The 
course  was  probably  over  the  old  wagon-road 
leading  from  Monocacy  to  Annapolis,  and  could 
scarcely  have  been  less  than  seventy-five  miles. 
The  horses,  of  course,  must  have  stopped  for 
forage  and  refreshment,  and  the  question  of  en- 
durance rather  than  speed  must  have  been  the 
incentive  to  action. 

In  the  year  1747,  Samuel  Ogle  returned  with 
his  family  after  a  five  years'  sojourn  in  England, 
holding  a  new  commission  as  Governor  of  Mary- 
land, and  from  that  time  horse-racing,  "the 
sport  of  kings",  became  the  king  of  sport  in 


'The  Md.  Gazette,  of  14  Aug.  1760,  refers  to  this  "remarkable 
race,  or  journey,"  and  gives  the  distance  as  75  or  80  miles. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  33 

Maryland.  Governor  Ogle  was  emulated  by 
Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker,  Jr.,  his  young  brother- 
in-law;  by  Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton  of  Prince 
Georges  County;  by  Sam  Galloway  of  "Tulip 
Hill",  West  River,  a  true  sportsman  and  devoted 
patron  of  the  turf;  and  last,  but  by  no  means 
least.  Governor  Horatio  Sharpe,  who  did  so 
much  to  encourage  the  sport  during  his  admin- 
istration of  the  Government  of  Maryland. 

In  a  little  while,  Colonel  John  Tayloe  2nd"', 
known  as  the  founder  of  "Mt.  Airy",  in  Rich- 
mond County,  Virginia,  a  great  turf-patron  sent 
his  best  English-bred  racers  into  this  Province 
to  contend  against  the  classic  steeds  of  the  Mary- 
land gentlemen,  and  horse-racing  and  horse- 
breeding  received  an  impetus  that  endured  for 
many  years  thereafter.  As  this  story  proceeds, 
it  may  be  well  to  know  something  concerning 
these  foremost  sportsmen  who  ranked,  either  in 
public  or  in  social  life,  with  the  best  of  their 
time." 


"His  son,  Col.  John  Tayloe,  3rd,  of  Mt.  Airy,  married 
Ann  Ogle,  granddaughter  of  Governor  Samuel  Ogle,  of  Maryland. 

"In  colonial  times,  only  "gentlemen"  were  presumed  to  race 
their  horses.  In  the  17th  Century,  a  tailor  was  fined  in  Virginia 
for  engaging  his  horse  in  a  match,  because  it  was  unlawful  for 
"a  laborer  to  make  a  race,  being  a  sport  only  for  gentlemen" 
{Va.  Mag.  II.  294). 


Colonial  Maryland's  Foremost 
Turf  Patrons 


Governor  Samuel  Ogle, 

The  Founder  of  '^Belair" . 


Ogle  is  an  odd  name.  It  is  of  Scandinavian 
origin,  and  its  Middle  English  variants  are 
Ogile,  Ouglie,  Owglie,  etc.,  from  which  our 
modern  spelling  of  the  word  "ugly"  is  derived. 
An  "ogle"  man  {oglie  man),  meant  an  ugly 
man,  but  not  in  the  modern  sense  of  the  term. 
It  did  not  necessarily  connote  "ill-natured", 
and  certainly  not  the  later  colloquial  develop- 
ment of  "ill-favored".  The  original  Ogle  was, 
simply,  a  "man  to  be  feared". 

"The  family  came  into  prominence  in  the 
1 2th  century,  when  its  head  held  the  lordship  of 
Oggil,  in  Northumberland.  It  gained  fame  in 
the  border  warfare  in  Scotland.  When  in 
August,  1 341,  David  Bruce  made  an  incursion 
as  far  south  as  New  Castle,  Sir  Robert  de  Ogle, 
then  head  of  the  family,  lived  up  to  his  name 
and  won  distinction  by  capturing  five  Scottish 
knights,  for  which  exploit  Edward  III  gave 
him  permission  to  castellate  his  manor  house  at 
Ogle.    Some  remains  of  the  castle  and  its  double 


j6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

moat  are  still  at  Marpeth.  The  peerage  became 
extinct."     (Oliphant). 

Samuel  Ogle,  son  of  Samuel  Ogle,  Esq.,  of 
Northumberland  County,  England,  was  born  in 
1694  and  died  3  May,  1752,  at  Annapolis,  Mary- 
land. He  was  commissioned  at  London,  on  16 
September,  173 1,  Governor  of  his  Lordship's 
Province  of  Maryland,  and  took  the  oath  of  of- 
fice at  the  house  of  the  Honorable  Benedict 
Leonard  Calvert,  Esq.,  in  the  City  of  Annapolis, 
on  the  7th  day  of  December,  following.  He 
served  successively,  with  a  few  months'  intermis- 
sion, from  1 73 1  to  1742. 

In  1741,  Governor  Ogle  married,  at  the  age 
of  forty-seven  years,  Ann  Tasker,  then  aged 
eighteen,  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Benjamin 
Tasker,  Sr.,  by  his  wife  Ann  Bladen,  the  sister 
of  Thomas  Bladen,  who  was  Governor  of  Mary- 
land, 1742- 1747.'  Upon  the  appointment  of 
Governor  Bladen  to  that  office,  Samuel  Ogle  re- 
paired to  England  with  his  young  bride,  re- 
maining there  until  his  resumption,  for  the  third 
time,  of  the  office  of  Governor  of  Maryland,  in 

1747- 

The  Maryland  Gazette  of  3  March,   1747, 

announces  the  news  of  a  report  "that  a  man-of- 
war  is  bringing  his  Excellency,  Samuel  Ogle, 
Esq.,  with  his  Lady  and  Family  on  board,  bound 
to  Annapolis,  with  a  Commission  to  resume  the 
Government  of  the  Province:  his  Excellency, 

'Later,  became  a  member  of  Parliament. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  J7 

the  present  Governor  (Bladen)  designing  for 
England  this  Spring."  Two  weeks  later,  his 
Majesty's  ship  the  "Foulkstone"  arrived  within 
the  Capes,  with  Samuel  Ogle,  his  Lady  and 
family,  who  were  shortly  after  transferred  to 
Captain  GrindalTs  vessel,  the  "Neptune",  and 
brought  to  the  landing  at  Annapolis,  where  they 
were  received  by  a  number  of  gentlemen,  amid 
the  salutes  from  the  Town  guns  and  from  sundry 
ships  in  the  river.  On  i6  March,  1747,  His 
Honor,  attended  by  his  Excellency  Thomas 
Bladen,  the  retiring  Governor,  and  his  Lord- 
ship's honorable  Council  and  others,  proceeded 
to  the  Council  Chamber,  where  his  commission, 
appointing  him  Lieutenant  General  and  Chief 
Governor  of  the  Province  and  Avalon,  was 
opened  and  published. 

Governor  Ogle,  as  we  have  remarked,  was 
an  early  patron  of  the  turf,  and  it  was  upon  the 
occasion  of  this  return  to  Maryland,  in  1747, 
that  he  brought  over  the  celebrated  Spark,  pre- 
sented to  him  by  Lord  Baltimore,  to  whom  the 
horse  had  come  as  a  gift  from  Frederick,  Prince 
of  Wales  (the  father  of  George  IH)  and  the 
reviver  of  the  royal  stud  in  England.  Governor 
Ogle  likewise  imported  the  famous  English 
brood-mare.  Queen  Mab.  Thus  the  fashion  for 
English  thoroughbred  horses  was  introduced 
into  Maryland  under  royal  auspices,  as  befitted 
a  Proprietary  Government  invested  with  palat- 
inate authority. 


jS  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

During  the  years  1745  and  1746,  while 
Samuel  Ogle  was  still  in  England,  he  requested 
his  father-in-law,  Hon.  Benjamin  Tasker,  St., 
to  have  built  for  him  a  two-story  brick  mansion 
on  his  (Ogle's)  estate  in  Prince  Georges  County, 
Maryland,  known  as  "Belair".  This  property, 
a  resurvey  of  an  older  tract  called  "Catton", 
consisted  originally  of  1410  acres  of  land,  grant- 
ed under  a  special  warrant  of  resurvey  in  1719, 
to  Rev.  Jacob  Henderson,'  an  Episcopal  clergy- 
man then  of  Prince  Georges  County,  and  pat- 
ented to  the  latter,  in  1721,  under  the  name  of 
"Belair".  Mr.  Henderson  sold  the  estate  sixteen 
years  later  to  Samuel  Ogle  and  Benjamin 
Tasker,  Sr.,  jointly,  and  a  few  months  after- 
wards. Ogle  became  the  sole  owner  through 
purchase  of  Tasker's  interest  in  the  tract.  To 
this  property  he  added  one  hundred  acres  of 
"Enfield  Chase",  a  one  hundred  and  sixty-seven 
acres  parcel  called  "Woodcock  Range",  "Lar- 
kin's  Forest"  (400  acres)  and  "Ridgely's  Ad- 
dition" (100  acres),  all  being  contiguous  tracts, 
in  Prince  Georges  County,  and  amounting  to  a 
total  of  2177  acres.  "Belair"'  proper,  the  colo- 
nial seat  of  the  Ogle  family,  contained  1410  acres 
and  is  described  in  Lord  Batimore's  Re?it  Roll 


"His  wife  was  the  thrice-married  Mary  Stanton,  who  married 
(i)  Mareen  Duvall  (d.  1694)  :  (2)  Colonel  Henry  Ridgely 
(d.  1710)  and  (3)  Rev.  Jacob  Henderson,  all  of  Prince  Georges 
County,   Md.     Rev.   Mr.   Henderson   owned   some   fine   horses. 

"The  name  of  this  estate  is  spelled  variously  in  the  colonial 
records;  as  Bellair,  Bellaire,  etc.,  but  the  modern  spelling  has 
been  adopted,  for  the  sake  of  uniformity,  throughout  these  pages. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  30 

as  situated  "about  a  mile  from  the  west  side  of 
the  north  branch  of  the  Patuxent",  not  far  from 
the  site  of  the  present  Bowie  Station.  The  popu- 
lar yarn  that  "Belair"  came  as  a  wedding-gift 
from  Hon.  Benjamin  Tasker,  Sr.,  to  his  daugh- 
ter Ann  and  her  husband,  Samuel  Ogle,  is  sheer 
romance. 

The  original  two-story  brick  house,  at  "Be- 
lair", was  built  for  Governor  Samuel  Ogle  in 
the  year  1746,  and  is  in  a  state  of  perfect  preser- 
vation. After  Ogle's  return  from  England  in 
1747,  he  added  a  brick  structure  about  forty  feet 
square  and  two  stories  high,  built  by  way  of  an 
"L"  shaped  wing,  containing  a  kitchen  and 
other  offices  for  servants.  The  latter  building 
has  been  destroyed  but  evidences  of  its  former 
existence  remain.  In  recent  years,  the  original 
mansion  has  been  flanked  on  either  side  with 
wings,  harmoniously  blending  with  the  original 
design,  and  is  owned  and  occupied  as  an  oc- 
casional home  by  Mr.  William  Woodward,  a 
New  York  gentleman  of  Maryland  ancestry. 
That  Prince  Georges  County  in  colonial  times 
became  pre-eminently  the  "horse-breeding  sec- 
tion of  Maryland",  was  due  to  "Belair",  so  long 
famed  in  the  annals  of  the  turf,  from  the  middle 
of  the  Eighteenth  Century. 

Governor  Ogle  died,  sincerely  lamented,  at 
Annapolis,  in  1752.  The  inventory  of  his  estate 
mentions  over  twenty  horses  of  various  sorts, 
and  the  Gazette  of  5  October,  1752,  advertised 


40  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

a  sale  by  public  vendue  to  be  conducted  "at  the 
plantation  of  the  late  Governor  Ogle  in  Prince 
Georges  County",  of  a  parcel  of  his  slaves  and 
live  stock  including  "the  fine  English  Horse 
and  Mare  and  several  Mares  and  Colts  of  the 
English  breed." 

Besides  his  widow,  Mrs.  Ann  (Tasker)  Ogle, 
and  two  daughters,  one  of  whom  married  John 
Ridout,  Secretary  to  Governor  Sharpe,  the  de- 
ceased left  a  son,  Benjamin  Ogle,  a  child  of 
three  years,  and  the  heir  to  his  estates.  Mrs. 
Ogle,  the  widow,  was  a  sister  to  Colonel  Ben- 
jamin Tasker,  Jr.,  turf  patron  and  horse-breeder, 
who  died  unmarried  in  1760,  at  the  age  of  forty 
years;  to  Rebecca  Tasker,  who  married  Daniel 
Dulany,  the  younger ;  to  Elizabeth  Tasker,  who 
married  Christopher  Lowndes,  and  to  Frances 
Tasker,  who  married  Robert  Carter,  Esq.,  of 
Virginia. 

Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker,  Jr. 

Tasker  is  a  name  that  has  come  down  to  us 
from  the  Middle  English  period.  The  word 
had  reference  to  one  who  performed  service  by 
"tasked  work",  and  was  applied  to  a  "tasker" 
(thrasher,  or  thresher).  Our  earliest  Tasker, 
therefore,  was  a  man  who  busied  himself  in  urg- 
ing the  flail.  The  first  of  the  name  in  Maryland 
was  Captain  Thomas  Tasker,  of  an  armigerous 
family  in  England,  who  was  Justice  of  Calvert 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  41 

County  from  1685  to  1692;  member  of  the  As- 
sembly from  1692  to  1697;  member  of  the  Gov- 
ernor's council  from  1699  until  his  death  in 
1700.  Besides  the  aforementioned  appointments, 
he  held  the  ofBces  of  a  Justice  of  the  Provincial 
Court  in  1694,  of  Treasurer  of  the  Province  in 
1695,  and  was  a  Captain  of  the  Foot  Militia  in 
Calvert  County  in  1689/  His  son  Benjamin 
Tasker  (1690-1768)  married  in  171 1,  Ann 
Bladen,  of  that  well  known  family,  and  had 
ten  children,  of  whom  five  died  in  infancy. 
Those  who  arrived  at  maturity  were  Colonel 
Benjamin,  Jr.,  who  predeceased  his  father,  leav- 
ing behind  him  neither  widow  nor  issue;  and 
four  daughters,  one  of  whom,  Ann,  became  the 
wife  of  Governor  Samuel  Ogle,  as  we  have  al- 
ready stated. 

When  Governor  Ogle  died  in  1752,  at  the 
age  of  58  years,  his  widow  was  only  29,  and  his 
son  and  heir,  Benjamin  Ogle,  a  child  of  three 
years.  The  child's  maternal  grandfather,  Hon. 
Benjamin  Tasker,  Sr.,  and  his  uncle.  Colonel 
Benjamin  Tasker,  Jr.  (a  young  man  of  32  years 
of  age),  were  appointed  joint  executors  of  the 
will  and  guardians  of  the  infant.  Shortly  after 
the  death  of  Governor  Ogle,  Colonel  Tasker  en- 


*Captain  Thomas  Tasker  possessed  little  property  when  he 
first  settled  in  the  Province.  The  old  law  of  primogeniture, 
advantageous  in  some  respects,  occasioned  hardships  in  others.  It 
sent  to  our  shores  men  possessing  initiative  and  fortitude:  it  also 
brought  hither  the  "tiffity-taffety  ne'er-do-wells".  But  the  fittest 
alone  survived  and  prospered. 


42  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

tered  and  took  possession  of  the  house  and  plan- 
tation known  as  "Belair",  ostensibly  for  the 
benefit  of  the  infant  Ogle  heir. 

Contrary  to  the  general  belief,  the  dwelling- 
house  at  Annapolis,  in  which  Governor  Samuel 
Ogle  died,  was  not  the  latter's  property  and  his 
widow  not  having  a  house  was  compelled  to  re- 
sort to  "Belair",  in  Prince  Georges  County, 
where  she  remained  for  two  years,  until  a  home 
suitable  for  the  rearing  of  her  family  could  be 
procured.  Young  Benjamin  Ogle,  when  scarce- 
ly ten  years  old,  was  sent  over  to  England  to  be 
educated,  and  his  uncle.  Colonel  Tasker,  con- 
tinued in  the  use  and  enjoyment  of  "Belair", 
adding  a  park  for  deer,  improving  the  property 
generally,  and  receiving  the  profits  out  of  the 
estate,  just  as  if  it  were  actually  his  own,  until 
his  death  in  1760.  Colonel  Tasker  believed,  evi- 
dently, that  young  Ogle  would  prefer  to  reside 
in  England,  permanently,  and  would  not  care 
to  be  inconvenienced  with  the  management  of 
so  large  an  estate,  so  remotely  situated;  for,  some 
years  prior  to  the  Colonel's  death,  he  had  en- 
tered with  his  father,  as  joint  executors  and 
guardians,  into  a  deed  of  "bargain  and  sale" 
whereby  he  acquired  the  property.  It  must  be 
presumed  that  they  anticipated,  on  the  part  of 
the  infant  heir,  a  ratification  of  this  transaction, 
when  the  latter  should  have  attained  the  legal 
age. 


Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days  43 

Colonel  Tasker  meanwhile  having  died  un- 
married and  without  issue,  his  property  and  in- 
terests, according  to  devise,  fell  to  his  surviving 
sisters,  including  the  widow  Ogle,  the  mother  of 
Benjamin  Ogle,  the  heir.  Hon.  Benjamin 
Tasker,  Sr.,  however,  maintained  his  residence 
at  "Belair",  paying  a  rental  of  £102  sterling  per 
annum,  until  his  death  in  1768,  whereupon  his 
daughter,  Mrs.  Ogle,  and  certain  of  her  sisters, 
entered  and  occupied  the  premises.  In  1770, 
Benjamin  Ogle  attained  his  majority'  and,  in 
the  following  year,  demanded  an  accounting 
and  the  restoration  of  his  estates,  by  legal  pro- 
cesses, in  which  he  was  eventually  successful. 
He,  afterwards,  became  Governor  of  Maryland. 

On  behalf  of  the  Taskers,  father  and  son, 
both  of  whom  were  dead  when  Benjamin  Ogle 
became  "of  age",  it  must  be  recorded  that  there 
is  not  the  slightest  evidence  of  a  conspiracy  on 
their  part  to  defraud  the  young  Ogle  heir  in  the 
matter  of  his  estates. 

Colonel  Tasker,  it  is  true,  worked  the  land 
at  "Belair",  but  he  did  neither  exhaust  nor  de- 
preciate it.  On  the  contrary,  he  improved  the 
estate  generally,  and,  in  particular,  he  cleared 
meadow  ground;  converted  some  of  the  arable 
land  into  pasture  by  sowing  the  same  with  clover 
and  other  seeds;  at  a  considerable  expense,  en- 


"Benjamin    Ogle    was    born    at    Annapolis,    Md.,    7    February 
1748/9    (Chancery  Records). 


44  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

closed  with  posts,  rails  and  paling,  a  park  for 
deer;  planted  a  large  garden  with  pear  trees  and 
a  two-acre  vineyard  with  vine-cuttings  (the 
place  was  sometimes  referred  to  as  "Colonel 
Tasker's  Vineyard").  He  planted  locust  and 
poplar  avenues  to  the  mansion,  built  a  stable, 
a  large  milk  house  and  a  very  good  barn  (to  re- 
place one  that  was  blown  down)  ;  erected  a 
horse  mill  for  grinding  corn  and  wheat,  and 
likewise  a  cider  mill,  besides  sinking  a  deep 
well  near  the  house,  and  fixing  thereat  a  leaden 
pump  with  a  double  list.  A  remnant  of  old 
spouting  on  the  mansion  still  bears  the  marks  of 
the  year  1757,  which  some  have  erroneously 
taken  as  indicating  the  year  the  house  was  built. 

These  improvements  were  accomplished  at  a 
very  appreciable  outlay,  regardless  of  the  fact 
that  the  labor  was  performed  chiefly  by  slaves 
on  the  estate.  The  net  profits  derived  by  Colonel 
Tasker  from  rentals  and  from  working  the  land 
must  have  been  comparatively  small.  His  prin- 
cipal profits  were  realized  from  the  young  horses 
which  he  bred  at  "Belair".  Under  Colonel 
Tasker's  management,  the  Ogle  estate  became 
a  place  worth  while,  and  one  that  was  resorted 
to,  time  and  again  by  the  most  prominent  gen- 
tlemen of  that  day. 

A  "society  news"  item  of  the  olden  time,  in 
the  Maryland  Gazette,  of  Annapolis,  under  date 
of  Thursday,  24  July,  1755,  announces: 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  45 

"Tuesday  morning  last,  his  Excellency  our 
Governor  set  out  from  hence  for  Frederick 
County,  and  lodged  that  night  at  Col.  Tasker's 
(the  late  Governor  Ogle's)  Seat,  at  Bellair.  We 
hear  his  Excellency  intends  for  Fort  Cumber- 
land." This  item  is  interesting,  moreover,  as 
a  reminder  of  those  times — the  days  of  the  old 
French  War.  Braddock's  defeat  had  occurred 
only  two  weeks  prior  to  this  visit  of  Governor 
Sharpe  at  "Belair". 

During  Colonel  Tasker's  occupancy  of  "Be- 
lair",  he  raced  his  famous  mare,  the  imported 
Selima,  and  maintained  there  his  celebrated 
stud  of  pedigreed  race-horses  of  the  English 
breed,  from  which  stock  many  of  the  finest 
racers  and  breeders  in  America  originated.  It 
has  been  said  that  Colonel  Tasker,  like  Colonel 
Tayloe,  of  Mt.  Airy,  built  for  himself  a  private 
race-track  on  the  estate,  but  the  evidence  of  this 
is  not  conclusive.  As  "Belair"  was  handed  down 
through  the  Ogles,  the  Bowies,  and  their  heirs 
or  their  successors,  it  continued  to  maintain  its 
ancient  reputation  and  renown. 


Samuel  Galloway. 

Samuel  Galloway,  Esq.,  of  "Tulip  Hill", 
West  River,  in  Ann  Arundel  County,  a  contem- 
porary of  the  Ogles  and  the  Taskers,  and  an 
intimate  friend  of  the  latter  family,  was  another 


46  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

noted  devotee  of  the  turf  in  Maryland.  He  was 
the  son  of  John  Galloway  and  Mary  Thomas 
his  wife,  and  was  descended  from  Richard  Gal- 
loway, of  London,  England.  About  the  year 
1745,  he  married  Ann  Chew,  sister  to  Benjamin 
Chew.  The  Galloways  and  the  Chews  are  well 
known  Maryland  families,  with  Quaker  pre- 
dilections. A  few  years  after  his  marriage,  Sam 
Galloway  built  "Tulip  Hill",  on  West  River. 
He  owned  the  celebrated  Selim,  the  best  horse 
of  his  time.  It  was  said  of  Sam  Galloway  that 
"he  was  as  true  a  sportsman  as  any  the  olden 
times  of  1750  to  1784  could  furnish." 


Doctor  Thomas  Hamilton. 

Doctor  Thomas  Hamilton  was  another  lead- 
ing Maryland  turf  patron  of  this  period,  and 
a  resident  of  Prince  Georges  County.  He  was 
the  owner  of  the  celebrated  horse,  Figure,  of 
whom  it  was  once  said:  "he  never  lost  a  race". 
Another  noted  horse  owned  by  Dr.  Hamilton 
was  the  imported  Dove.  He  also  owned  the 
bay  horse  imported  Ranger,  and  the  bay  mares 
Primrose  and  Harmony,  of  good  pedigree.  The 
two  last  mentioned,  however,  were  not  distin- 
guished on  the  turf.  Ranger  was  ofifered  for 
sale  privately,  by  Dr.  Hamilton,  in  June  1767. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  47 

Governor  Horatio  Sharpe. 

Governor  Horatio  Sharpe  was  a  patron  of 
the  turf  and  encouraged  racing  in  Maryland 
by  giving  small  purses  and  running  his  horses 
matches  as  long  ago  as  the  French  War.  About 
the  year  1757,  he  imported"  the  famous  stallion 
Othello.  Ogle's  Spark  and  Sharpe's  Othello 
were  the  earliest  stallions  of  renown  in  Mary- 
land. Othello  got  Selim  (Galloway's),  "the 
best  horse  of  his  time."  Governor  Sharpe  also 
owned  Britannia,  full  sister  to  True  Briton,  by 
the  imported  Othello. 

These  names,  Ogle,  Tasker,  Galloway, 
Hamilton  and  Sharpe,  are  the  first  of  import- 
ance in  Maryland  turf  annals.  They  were  soon 
followed  in  celebrity  by  the  names  of  Mr.  Cal- 
vert, owner  of  Regulus;  Mr.  Hall,  owner  of 
Fearnaught;  Colonel  Lloyd,  owner  of  Traveller 
and  Nancy  Bywell;  Mr.  MacGill,  owner  of 
Nonpareil;  Colonel  Sim,  owner  of  JVildair,  and 
by  Governor  Eden,  owner  of  Why  Not.  At  the 
same  time,  Virginia,  famous  for  her  horses  as 
well  as  for  her  great  statesmen,  furnishes  the 
names  of  Colonels  Tayloe,  Byrd,  Thornton  and 
others,  who  frequently  contended  against  Mary- 
land for  the  supremacy  on  the  turf.     Colonel 


'A  writer  in  the  American  Turf  Register,  VI.  332,  denies  that 
Othello  was  imported  into  this  country,  but  the  denial  is  not  sup- 
ported by  any  authority  and  contradicts  contemporary  testimony 
and   pedigrees. 


4^  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

(afterwards  General)  George  Washington  was 
a  great  admirer  of  fine  horses,  and  loved  speed 
contests.  During  the  early  "Seventies"  he  came 
up  regularly  for  the  races  at  Annapolis,  attend- 
ed the  theatre  and  the  balls  given  on  those  oc- 
casions, and  was  hospitably  entertained  by  the 
social  leaders  of  the  town/ 


'Washington's    "Journal." 


cq    rt 


ta 


Some  Famous  Horses  o/the 
Olden  Time 


The  Godolphin  Arabian. 

The  three  great  progenitors  of  English  and 
American  racers  and  thoroughbreds  were  the 
Godolphin  Arabian,  the  Darley  Arabian  and 
the  Byerly  Turk.  The  blood  of  Lord  Godol- 
phin's  Arabian  has  coursed  in  the  veins  of  many 
Maryland  race-horses  and  their  produce  to  this 
day  and  he  is  particularly  noteworthy  here  as 
the  ancestor  of  the  celebrated  Selima,  Fear- 
naught,  etc.  Although  he  was  not  actually  im- 
ported into  this  country,  he  deserves  special 
mention.  He  is  said  to  have  been  foaled  in 
1724,  and  was  imported  into  France  from  some 
capital  or  royal  stud  in  Barbary.  He  was  long 
thought  to  be  an  Arabian,  but  his  points  more 
resemble  the  highest  breed  of  Barbs.  He  was 
fifteen  hands  in  height,  of  great  substance,  of 
the  truest  conformation  for  strength  and  action, 
bearing  every  indication  of  a  real  courser,  a 
horse  of  the  desert.  His  color  was  entire  brown- 
bay,  with  mottles  on  the  buttocks  and  crest,  ex- 
cepting a  small  streak  of  white  upon  the  hinder 
heels. 


so  Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days 

He  is  supposed  to  have  been  stolen,  and  was 
imported  into  France,  where,  it  is  said,  he  was  so 
little  valued  that  he  was  actually  employed  in 
the  drudgery  of  drawing  a  cart  in  the  streets  of 
Paris.  A  Mr.  Coke  alias  Colonel  Cook,  brought 
him  over  from  France  into  England  about  1730, 
and  gave  him  to  Roger  Williams,  the  proprietor 
of  the  St.  James  Coffee-house,  by  whom  he  was 
presented  to  the  Earl  of  Godolphin.  He  died 
25  December,  1753,  at  the  age  of  29  years. 

The  Godolphin  Arabian  and  the  renowned 
Darley  Arabian  were  reputed  among  turfmen 
to  be  the  most  celebrated  and  valuable  for  their 
blood  and  high  form  as  stallions,  and  were  for 
many  years  the  source  of  our  best  racing  blood. 

Spark. 

Ogle's  Spark — was  imported  from  England 
into  Maryland  in  1747,  by  Governor  Samuel 
Ogle,  who  also  imported  the  brood-mare  Queen 
Mab.  Spark  came  from  the  royal  stud  in  Eng- 
land, whose  promoter  was  Frederick,  Prince  of 
Wales  (father  of  George  HI).  As  we  have 
stated,  this  horse  came  as  a  gift  from  the  Prince 
to  Lord  Baltimore,  in  England,  who  presented 
him  to  Governor  Ogle.  Spark  got  some  good 
stock. 

Othello. 

Sharpe's  Othello— Governor  Sharpe,  of 
Maryland,   who   encouraged   racing,    imported 


Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days  5/ 

into  the  province  the  famous  stallion  Othello* 
that  was  got  by  Mr.  Panton's  Crab,  in  England, 
out  of  the  Duke  of  Somerset's  favorite  brood- 
mare Miss  Slamerkin.  Othello  was  foaled  in 
1743,  and  sold  to  the  Earl  of  Portmore.  In 
1749,  he  won  four  King's  plates,  besides  other 
purses.  Othello  may  be  regarded  as  the  ''Go- 
dolphin  Arabian'  of  Maryland.  His  grand- 
dam  was  Lord  Oxford's  Dun  Arabian;  his  great 
granddam  a  royal  mare.  He  was  a  beautiful 
black,  fifteen  hands  high  and  very  strong.  He 
was  stationed  in  Virginia,  at  James  River,  in 
1 76 1.  He  got  Selim,  "the  best  horse  of  his 
time,"  and  the  dam  of  Mark  Anthony.  As  we 
have  said  before,  Ogle's  Spark  and  Sharpe's 
Othello  were  the  earliest  stallions  of  renown  in 
Maryland. 

SELIMA. 

Tasker's  Selima — Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker, 
Jr.,  imported  this  famous  daughter  of  the 
Godolphin  Arabian  known  as  Tasker's  Selima, 
foaled  in  1746.  She  was  invincible  on  the  turf 
and  became  equally  distinguished  as  a  breeder. 
As  with  her  sire  in  England,  her  blood  flows  in 
the  veins  of  almost  every  racehorse  of  distinc- 
tion that  has  run  in  this  country  from  that  day 
to  the  present. 


"The  late  Judge  G.  Duvall,  of  "Marietta,"  Maryland,  whose 
memory  went  back  to  pre-Revolutionary  days,  stated  in  1833, 
that  Othello  was  imported  about  1757,  from  England,  where  he 
had  raced   prior  to  his  coming  to  America. 


$2  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Selima  was  bred  by  Lord  Godolphin,  and  is 
supposed  to  have  been  full  sister  to  Babraham. 
She  was  dam  of  Galloway's  matchless  Selim,  of 
Brent's  remarkable  Ebony  and  of  Stella,  all  by 
the  imported  Othello,  and  of  other  steeds  well 
known  in  their  time. 

It  has  been  said  that  Colonel  Tasker  had 
such  an  uninterrupted  career  of  success  both  in 
Maryland  and  in  Virginia,  that  Maryland-bred 
horses  were  excluded  from  the  Jockey  Club 
purses  in  the  latter  colony;  whereupon  he  sent 
his  mares  to  foal  in  Virginia,  and  in  the  course 
of  a  few  years,  renewed  his  conquests  with  Vir- 
ginia-bred horses. 

Selim. 

Galloway's  Selim — the  "get"  of  Sharpe's  im- 
ported Othello  and  Tasker's  imported  Selima — 
was  foaled  in  1759,  and  was  purchased  by 
Samuel  Galloway,  of  "Tulip  Hill",  West  River, 
Maryland.  Selim,  the  first  of  the  "get"  of 
Othello  in  America,  was  a  tried  and  approved 
racer,  beating  every  horse  of  his  day  until  he 
was  nine  years  old,  and  was  a  beautiful  and 
valuable  stallion  of  deserved  celebrity;  of  a 
dark  bay  color,  a  little  rising  fifteen  hands  high. 
He  was  in  Virginia  from  1770  to  1780,  and  be- 
came the  ancestor  of  a  valuable  race  of  horses. 

Selim  when  eight  years  old,  made  a  great 
running  at  Philadelphia  in  1767,  and  in  the 
opinion  of  a  sportsman  of  that  period,  "it  is  be- 
lieved that  this  running  was  never  exceeded,  if 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  S3 

equalled,  in  this  country."  Carrying  140  pounds, 
he  ran  a  four  mile  heat,"  over  an  unusually  heavy 
course,  in  8  minutes  and  2  seconds.  Standardiz- 
ing the  weight  at  nine  stone  and  computing  the 
course  exactly,  Selim  would  have  made  a  record 
of  a  mile  in  two  minutes  on  this  course. 

Selim  was  beaten  by  Hamilton's  Figure  in 
1768,  at  Upper  Marlborough,  but  the  former 
horse  was  in  bad  condition,  having  been  lately 
cured  of  the  distemper  in  the  throat. 

Figure. 

Hamilton's    Figure — foaled    in    1757,    was 
bred  by  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Hamilton.    He 
was  got  by  Old  Figure    (whose   sire  was   an 
Arabian).     His  dam  was  Mariamne.     He  was 
a  bay  horse,  ic^Vi  hands  in  height.    When  five 
years  old.  Figure  won  a  50  1.  at  Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne,  beating  Mr.  Hudson's  chestnut  horse  Fel- 
low and  five  others.     The  same  year,  he  won 
I  another  50  1.  at  the  town  of  Rugland.     In  1763, 
I  he  received  premiums  at  Preston  and  Carlisle, 
I  in  Old  England.    When  six  and  seven  years  old 
^he  won  50  1.  prizes  at  Lancaster  and  Sterling, 
respectively.      He    ran   well   in    England    and 
JScotland,  never  was  beaten,  and  eventually,  no 
fhorse  would  start  against  him. 

Figure  was  imported  into  Maryland  by  Dr. 
Thomas  Hamilton,  of  "Mount  Calvert  Manor", 

^°The  Philadelphia  track  was  a  little  short  of  two  miles  in 
length,  but  it  was  called  a  "two  mile"  course. 


B4  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Prince  Georges  County,  in  the  autumn  of  1765. 
In  the  following  year  he  won  the  purse  at  An- 
napolis, and  in  1768,  when  eleven  years  old,  he 
won  the  purse  at  Upper  Marlborough,  beating 
Mr.  Galloway's  Selim.  These  two  are  the  only 
races  he  ran  in  America.  Dr.  Hamilton  sold 
him  a  few  years  afterwards  to  a  gentleman  in 
New  Jersey.  The  last  time  he  is  mentioned,  was 
at  Philadelphia,  in   1774. 

Dove  was  another  of  Dr.  Hamilton's  im- 
portations. He  was  got  by  Young  Cade,  his 
dam  by  Teazer,  his  grand  dam  by  Scawing's 
Arabian,  and  out  of  the  Gardiner  mare  that 
won  six  royal  plates. 

Ariel  and  Traveller. 

Tasker's  Ariel  and  Traveller — both  were 
bred  by  Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker,  and  were 
got  by  Mr.  Morton's  Traveller,  the  former  out 
of  Selima,  the  latter  out  of  Miss  Colvill.  Tasker's 
Traveller  is  described  as  a  fine,  strong  horse,  a 
good  bay,  and  upwards  of  16  hands  high.  Ariel 
was  sire  of  the  stallion.  Smiling  Billy,  the  prop- 
erty of  Howard  Duvall,  of  Prince  Georges 
County,  Maryland. 

There  were  other  horses  during  this  period, 
that  were  favorably  knownl  in  Maryland,  as 
racers,  as  well  as  for  their  breed,  but  the  fore- 
going were,  by  all  odds,  the  most  prominent 
of  established  pedigrees. 


Annals  of  the  Turf  in  Colonial 
Maryland' 


1745 

The  first  regular  horse-race  at  or  near  An- 
napolis, to  be  publicly  announced  in  the  news- 
papers (of  which  the  files  are  extant)  was  ad- 
vertised in  the  columns  of  the  Maryland  Ga- 
zette of  17  May,  1745.  This  racing  was 
scheduled  for  the  two  last  days  of  May,  near 
the  home  of  one  John  Conners,  in  Anne  Arundel 
County;  the  first  day's  purse,  ten  pounds  cur- 
rency; the  second  day's  purse,  five  pounds.  The 
result  of  the  races  and  the  names  of  the  entries 
were  not  made  public. 

In  September,  of  the  same  year,  the  Gazette 
advertised  a  race  to  be  run  near  Queen  Anne 
Town,  Prince  Georges  County,  for  the  sum  of 
thirty  pounds  current  money  the  first  day,  and 
twenty  pounds  the  second  day. 

1747 

In  September,  at  Annapolis,  a  match  for  50 
guineas  was  run  by  the  Governor's  (Ogle's)  bay 


'"Maryland    Gazette"    {passim)  :    "American    Turf   Register", 
et  cetera. 


$6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

gelding  and  Colonel  Plater's  grey  stallion,  and 
won  by  the  former. 

1751 

Mr.  Ignatius  Digges'  bay  horse  Vendome 
beat  Mr.  Harrison's  grey  horse  Bean  in  a  match 
for  60  guineas.     Heats,  two  miles  and  a  half. 

1752 

The  first  race  of  note,  of  which  we  have  any 
account,  was  won  by  Colonel  Tasker's  imported 
mare  Selima,  when  six  years  old,  at  Annapolis, 
in  May  1752.  Her  contestant  was  Captain 
Butler's'  Creeping  Kate.  The  prize  offered  was 
40  pounds. 

In  December,  following,  at  Gloucester,  in 
Virginia,  Selima  beat  Colonel  Byrd's  Trial  (on 
which  a  challenge  had  been  offered  against  any 
horse  that  could  be  brought).  Colonel  Tayloe's 
imported  Jenny  Cameron  and  his  imported 
horse,  Childers,  and  a  mare  of  Colonel  Thorn- 
ton's,— a  sweepstakes,  500  pistoles,  four  miles. 
This  race  marks  the  beginning  of  the  competi- 
tion between  Maryland  and  Virginia  in  the 
annals  of  the  turf. 

1754 
In   March  of  this  year.  Governor  Sharpe 
set  forth  on  a  month's  tour  through  the  four 


^Perhaps,  Captain  Peter  Butler,  of  Frederick  County,  Mary- 
land. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  SJ 

lower  counties  of  the  Eastern  Shore,'  and  was 
everywhere  deferentially  received  and  hos- 
pitably entertained.  On  April  15th,  his  Excel- 
lency's gift  of  20  pounds  was  run  for  near  Tal- 
bot County  Courthouse,  by  four  horses.  A  large 
assembly  of  people  was  in  attendance  on  the 
race-ground,  supposed  to  be  upwards  of  2000 
horse,  besides  a  great  number  of  carriages.  In 
the  middle  of  the  ground  was  erected  a  stage, 
about  60  feet  in  length  and  20  in  width,  for  the 
reception  of  his  Excellency  and  a  number  of 
gentlemen  and  ladies,  who  could  from  thence 
view  the  horses  round  the  course.  The  prize 
was  won  by  a  horse  belonging  to  a  Mr.  Rice  of 
that  County. 

In  September,  following,  at  the  Annapolis 
race-course,  his  Excellency's  gift  of  20  pounds 
was  run  for,  with  only  two  horses  starting.  Cap- 
tain Hopper's  horse  Pleasure  and  Captain 
Gantt's  horse  Buffaloe,  and  won  by  the  latter. 

1755-1764 

During  these  years.  New  York,  Pennsyl- 
vania, Maryland  and,  particularly,  Virginia, 
were  harassed  by  the  French  and  Indian  War 
troubles  along  the  frontiers,  and  the  records  of 
the  turf  are  either  extremely  scant  or  significant- 

'Governor  Sharpe  made  a  close  personal  study  of  the  people 
whom  he  governed.  In  February,  1754,  he  visited  Baltimore 
town,  and  was  received  by)  the  citizens  with  demonstrations  of 
satisfaction. 


S8  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

ly  silent.  Even  in  normal  times,  whilst  notice 
of  the  time  and  place  of  the  intended  race  was 
always  posted,  the  result  and  the  name  of  the 
winner  were  seldom  made  public  through  the 
medium  of  the  newspapers. 

1759 

In  October,  at  Joppa,  in  Baltimore  County, 
there  were  three  days  of  racing,  the  purses  be- 
ing 20  pistoles  for  the  first  day;  ten  pounds  for 
the  second  and  six  pounds  for  the  third  day. 
The  racers  were  to  be  entered  with  Isaac  Ris- 
teau  and  the  owners  were  to  pay  one  shilling  in 
the  form  of  entrance  money.  Disputes,  etc.,  to 
be  adjudicated  by  Colonel  William  Young  and 
James  Christie.  The  results  of  this  race  were 
not  published. 

1763 

In  April,  at  Harlem,  New  York,  a  great 
race  was  run  between  True  Briton  (by  imported 
Othello)  and  Old  England,  when  the  latter  was 
distanced.  This  victory  came  as  a  great  surprise 
to  certain  New  York  turfmen  who  pretended 
to  regard  Maryland-bred  horses  as  "mongrel- 
bred." 

In  the  same  month,  at  the  Annapolis  race- 
course, a  purse  of  50  pistoles  was  run  for,  heats 
four  miles.  Six  competitors  started,  but  the 
race  was  won  by  Mr.  Calvert's  Jolly  Chester, 
who  got  the  two  first  heats. 


I 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  59 

1764 

In  April,  a  match  race,  a  single  heat  of  four 
miles,  over  the  course  at  Upper  Marlborough, 
was  run  by  Dr.  Hamilton's  imported  horse 
Dove  and  Mr.  Tyler's  Driver  (by  Othello,  out 
of  a  Spark  mare)    and  won  by  the  latter. 

1766 

In  May,  the  50  pistoles  purse,  four  heats, 
was  run  for  at  the  Annapolis  race-ground.  Six 
started  for  it,  who  came  in,  as  follows: 

Figure  Dr.  Hamilton's  (aged,  10  st.)  2 — I — 2 — I 

Trial  Mr.    (Hall's)   Bullen's 

(5   yrs.,   9   St.)  3—2—1—2 

Chester  Mr.  Yieldhall's  (aged,  10  st.)  1—3—3—3 

Britannia  Mr.   Gantt's    dis. 

Merry  Andrezu  Mr.   Heath's    dis. 

Terror  Major  Sim's   dis. 

The  first  heat  was  won  by  a  head.  The 
second  day's  race,  for  30  pistoles,  was  won  by 
Mr.  Calvert's  horse  Regulus,  beating  Dr.  Ham- 
ilton's imported  horse.  Ranger,  and  Mr.  Tyler's 
Driver. 

In  November,  the  gentlemen  of  Chester- 
town,  in  Kent  County,  raised  a  purse  of  100 
pistoles,  to  be  run  for  on  the  24th,  instant,  with 
a  view  of  bringing  together  the  two  most  cele- 
brated horses  on  the  continent,  Selim  of  Mary- 
land, and  Yorick  of  Virginia.  Selim  was  seven, 
and  Yorick  six  years  old.    Selim  came  in  winner. 


6o  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

About  this  time  Selim  had  gained  such  celeb- 
rity as  to  be  frequently  excluded  from  the 
races,  as  no  competitor  would  start  with  him. 

1767 

In  May,  the  50  pistoles  purse  was  run  for  on 
the  race-ground  near  Annapolis.  Four  started 
for  it,  who  came  in  as  follows: 

Traveller  Colonel  Tayloe's I — I 

Trial  Mr.    Bullen's    3—2 

Regulus  Mr.  Calvert's   2 — dis. 

Ranger  Dr.  Hamilton's   dis. 

Four  started  the  next  day  for  the  30  pistoles, 
viz: — 

Fearnaught  Mr.    Hall's    I — I 

Trial  Mr.  Bullen's   3—2 

"Shelaley"  Mr.  Bullen's   2—3 

Sportsman  Mr.   Sprigg's 4 — dr. 

In  October,  Selim,  eight  years  old,  carrying 
140  pounds,  won  at  Philadelphia,  the  loo 
guineas  purse,  distancing  the  field — Old  Eng- 
land, Granby,  and  Northumberland.  The  first 
heat,  four  miles,  was  run  in  8  minutes  and  2 
seconds,  Selim  winning  from  Old  England  by  a 
single  length.  The  second  heat,  after  running 
three  miles  close  at  the  heels  of  Selim,  Old 
England  flew  the  course. 

1768 

In  May,  at  Upper  Marlborough  race-course, 
the  first  day's  match  for  50  guineas  was  won 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  6l 

by  Notley  Young's  Gimcrack  (got  by  Ariel)  ; 
the  second  day's  match  for  lOO  pounds  was  won 
by  Dr.  Hamilton's  imported  Figure,  beating  the 
famous  Selim,  out  of  condition,  the  first  race  he 
lost;  the  third  day's  match  for  a  purse  of  25 
pounds  was  won  by  Mr.  MacGill's  bay  colt 
Nonpareil,  who  won  the  heat  with  ease. 

In  September,  following,  MacGill's  Non- 
pareil, by  imported  Dove,  became  a  successful 
horse  in  Maryland,  winning  with  ease  the  £100 
purse  at  Leonardtown,  in  St.  Marys  County, 
beating  some  of  the  most  famous  horses. 

1769 

In  May,  at  the  Annapolis  race-track,  a 
sweepstake  purse  of  60  guineas  was  run  for  by 
four  year  colts,  and  won  by  Dr.  Hamilton's  filly 
Thistle.  The  next  day,  the  subscription  purse 
of  £100  two  heats,  was  started  for  and  resulted 
as  follows: 

Mr.  MacGill's    Nonpareil    i — i 

Mr.  Galloway's  Selim    2 — 2 

Dr.  Hamilton's  Ranger  3 — 3 

In  October  following,  the  Annapolis  sub- 
scription purse  of  50  guineas  three  heats,  was 
run  for  by  several  horses,  who  came  in  as  fol- 
lows: 

Daniel  McCarty's  ch.g.    Volunteer     5 — i — i 

Samuel  Galloway's  b.h.   Selim    3 — 2 — 2 

Horatio  Sharpe's  gr.m.     Britannia     i — 4 — 3 

Patrick  MacGill's  b.h.      Nonpareil    2 — 3 — 4 


62  Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days 

Theo.  Bland's  bl.h.  Brunswick    4 — dis. 

John  Tayloe's  br.h.  Juniper    6 — dis. 

Mr.  Dulany's  Paoli    dis. 

Paoli  carried  iiYi  pounds  overweight.  The 
first  heat  was  very  closely  contested  by  Britannia 
and  Nonpareil,  the  former  winning  by  a  single 
length.  The  second  heat  was  as  closely  contested 
between  Volunteer,  Selim  and  Nonpareil,  not 
more  than  a  length  or  two  between  the  three. 
The  third  heat  was  run  more  at  ease. 

The  next  day  the  subscription  purse  of  £50 
was  run  for  and  resulted  as  follows: 

Daniel  McCarty's  b.h.  Silverlegs    i — 2 — i 

John  Tayloe's  Nonpareil     ....    2 — 3 — 2 

Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton's  b.h.  Ranger    3 — i — dis. 

Dr.  Shuttleworth's  horse  Trial    4 — dis. 

The  following  day  the  "Ladies'  Purse"  of 
£50  was  run  for.  There  were  seven  horses  en- 
tered, and  the  result  was  as  follows : 

Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton's  b.m.  Primrose     ....  i — i 

Henry  Hall's  br.h  Feamaught     .  .  2 — 2 

Theo.  Bland's  horse  Brunsivick    .  .  .  3 — 3 

Edward  Worrell's  horse  Cato    4 — dis. 

Daniel  McCarty's  Little    Driver  5 — dis. 

Robert  Roberts'  Grey  John   .  .  .  dis. 

Governor  Eden's  Regulus    dis.* 

*Regulus  was  distanced  the  first  heat  by  throwing  his  rider. 

1770 

September  27th,  at  Annapolis,  the  following 
horses  started  for  the  Jockey  Club  plate  of  100 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  63 

guineas,  weight  for  age;  heats  four  miles: — 

McCarty's  b.h.  Silvcrlegs    4 — i — i 

Masters'   b.m.  Blacklegs    3 — 2 — 2 

Lloyd's  b.m.  Jsjancy  Byivell  (bolted)  2 — 3 — dis. 

Sim's   horse  PFildair    I — dis. 

Colonel  Sharpe's  gr.m.  Britannia''''    dis. 

Governor  Eden's  gr.h.  Cook  Aglin    dis. 

*Britannia  threw  her  rider,  when  winning  hollow. 

On  the  28th,  a  purse  of  £50  was  run  for  and 
won  by  Fitzhugh's  bay  horse  Regulus  (got  by 
Warren's  Fearnaught) ,  distancing  four  others. 
Heats  three  miles. 

On  the  29th,  the  purse  of  £50  was  run  for 
and  won  by  Lloyd's  mare  Nancy  Bywell  (by 
Matchem),  beating  three  others. 

1771 

In  May,  over  the  course  near  Upper  Marl- 
borough, a  purse  of  £50  was  run  for  and  won, 
with  ease,  by  Fitzhugh's  bay  horse  Regulus. 

On  the  following  day,  over  the  same  course, 
the  purse  of  £30  was  won  by  McCarty's  bay 
horse  Silverlegs. 

On  Tuesday,  September  24th,  at  Annapolis, 
the  Jockey  Club  purse  of  100  guineas,  four-mile 
heats,  was  run  for  as  follows: 

Lloyd's  mare  Nancy  Bywell   i — 6 — i 

Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Regulus    2 — I — 2 

Galloway's  b.h.  Selim    6 — 4 — 3 

Alex.   Spotswood's  b.h.  Apollo 3 — 3 — dr- 

Daniel  Dulany's  b.h.      Nonpareil     4 — 2 — dist. 

IMasters'  mare  Blacklegs     5 — 5 — (list. 


64  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

On  Wednesday,  the  25th,  for  the  £50  purse: 

Beanes'  gr.h.  Regulus    (by  Dove)...  i — i 

Wm.  I  jams'  b.h.  Driver 3 — 2 

Dr.   Hamilton's  b.m.    Primrose    2 — dis. 

Spotswood's  gr.g.  Driver    4 — ^is. 

On  Thursday,  September  26th,  a  purse  of 
£50  was  run  for,  as  follows: 

Baylor's  b.m.  Lovely     I — I 

Sim's  horse  Wildair    3 — 2 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.  Harmony    (by  Figure)  2 — dr. 

Dr.  Shuttleworth's  gr.h.  Atlas 4 — dist. 

1772 

On  Tuesday,  October  5th,  at  Annapolis,  the 
Jockey  Club  purse  of  100  guineas,  and  on  the 
three  following  days,  purses  of  £50  each  were 
run  for.  The  particulars  are  as  follows:  first, 
day,  heats  four  miles: 

Col.  Lloyd's  b.m.  Nancy  Bywell   I — 4 — I 

Benj.  Ogle's  g.m.  Britannia    4 — 3 — 2 

Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Regulus*    5 — I — dist. 

Spotswood's  b.h.  Apollo   3 — 2 — dist. 

Major  Sim's  b.h.  Wildair     2 — dr. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.  Harmony     dist. 

Masters'  b.f.  Kitty    dist. 

^Regulus  was  distanced  by  throwing  his  rider.  He  was  near 
the  foremost  and   about  300  yards  to  run. 

On  Wednesday,  October  7th,  heats  three 
miles,  as  follows: 

Masters'  b.m.  Blacklegs     I — 2 — I 

McCarty's  b.c.  Achilles   4 — i — 2 

Nevins'  br.f.  l-will-if-I-can    ....  2 — dist. 

DeLancey's  (N.  Y.)  b.h.  Bashaw    3 — dist. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.  Primrose    dist. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  6$ 

On  Thursday,  October  8th,  heats  two  miles, 
as  follows: — 

Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Brilliant  {hy  Fear- 

naught)    I — 3 — I 

DeLancey's  (N.  Y.)   b.m.     Sultana    3 — i — 2 

I  jams'  b.c.  Garrat    4 — 2 — 3 

Waters'  b.m.  Quaker  Lass  ....    2 — dist. 

On  Friday,  October  9th,  heats  four  miles,  as 
follows : 

Waters'  b.m.  Nettle   i — i 

Sam  Galloway's  b.h.  Selim   (13  years  old)..  3 — 2 

Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Silverlegs    4 — 3 

Major  Sim's  b.h.  Wildair     2 — 4 

Masters'  b.g.  Sportsman    dist. 

1773 

In  June,  the  gentlemen's  subscription  purse 
of  £50,  at  Nottingham,  was  won  by  His  Excel- 
lency Governor  Eden's  bay  horse  Why  Not, 
aged,  beating  Dr.  Hamilton's  bay  mare  Har- 
mony, six  years  old,  and  Mr.  Beane's  grey  horse 
Regulus,  aged;  both  of  whom  were  distanced 
the  first  heat  by  the  superiority  of  Why  Not, 
who  had  run  three  very  hard  four-mile  heats 
at  Philadelphia  on  that  day  fortnight,  and  had 
since  travelled  from  thence  in  very  hot  weather, 
which  was  supposed  to  be  very  much  against 
him;  nevertheless,  he  won  very  easily  and  the 
knowing  ones  were  greatly  "taken  in". 

On  September  27th,  a  sweepstakes ;  on  Tues- 
day, the  Jockey  Club  purse  of  100  guineas;  and 
on  the  three  following  days,  subscription  purses 


66  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

of  £50  each  were  run  for  on  the  course  near 
Annapolis,  the  particulars  of  which  are,  as  fol- 
lows: 

Monday,  the  Sweepstakes. 

Mr.  Fitzhugh's  gr.m,     Kitty  Fisher i 

Mr.  Ogle's  gr.m.  2 

Mr.  Heath's  gr.m.  3 

Tuesday,  September  28,  Heats  four  miles. 

Col.  Lloyd's  b.m.  Nancy  Bywell    i — i 

Mr.  Galloway's  b.m.  Lady  Legs    4 — 2 

Mr.  DeLancey's 

(N.  Y.)    b.m.  Nettle    2— dr. 

Mr.  Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Regulus   3 — dr. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.  Harmony     dis. 

Mr.  Masters'  b.m.  Kitty    dis. 

Wednesday,    September    29.      Heats,    three 
miles. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.  Primrose    i — 4 — i 

Mr.  Fauntleroy's  b.m.  Miss  Sprightly   .  .    3 — 3 — 2 

Mr.  DeLancey's  (N.Y.)b.m.(SM/torafl    5 — i — 3 

Mr.  Masters'  b.m.  Blacklegs   6 — 2 — 4 

Mr.  Slaughter's  bl.m.  Ariel 2 — 5 — dr, 

Mr.   Warren's  bl.m.  Pettycoatsloose   .  .    4 — 6 — dr. 

Thursday,  September  30.    Heats  two  miles. 

Mr.  Fitzhugh's  gr.m.    Kitty  Fisher 3 — i — i 

Mr.  Carroll's  ch.h.         Marius   2 — 2 — 2 

Mr.  Heath's  gr.m 5 — 3 — 3 

Dr.  Hamilton's  b.m.       Harmony      I — dis. 

Mr.  Ijams'  br.h.  Figure    4 — dr. 

Mr.  Masters'  ch.h.         Babram dis. 


I 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  6y 

Friday,  October  i. 

Mr.  Fitzhugh's  b.h.  Regulus    ....  4 — 3 — i  —  i 

Governor  Eden's  b.h.  Why   Not    .  .  1 — 2 — 2 — 2 

Mr,  DeLancey's  (N.  Y.)  b.m.    Nettle    3 — i — 3 — 3 

Mr,  Nicholson's  b.h.  Pacolet     ....  2 — dr. 

Bets  at  starting,  Nettle  against  the  field,  and 
after  she  won  the  second  heat,  three  to  two  she 
would  win  the  purse.  After  Regulus  won  the 
third  heat,  four  to  one  on  him  against  the  field. 

1774 

On  May  11,  was  run  for,  at  Nottingham, 
Prince  Georges  County,  a  purse  of  £50,  weight 
for  age,  heats  three  miles,  which  was  won  by 
his  Excellency  Governor  Eden's  Why  Not, 
aged,  at  four  heats,  beating  Dr,  Hamilton's 
Primrose,  Colonel  Barnes'  Young  Tanner  and 
two  others. 

On  the  1 2th,  a  subscription  purse  of  a  con- 
siderable but  uncertain  amount  was  run  for — 
heats  four  miles — and  won  by  Governor  Eden's 
chestnut  horse  Slim,  six  years  old,  at  two  heats ; 
beating  Colonel  Sim's  bay  horse,  Wildair,  aged, 
Dr,  Hamilton's  and  Mr,  Lyles'  fillies  being 
drawn. 

On  the  17th,  at  Baltimore  town"  a  purse  of 
£50,  weight  for  age  and  blood,  was  run  for  and 


Before  the  Revolution,  races  were  run  over  John  Eager 
Howard's  grounds,  between  the  present  Liberty  and  Greene  streets, 
Baltimore   City. 


68  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

won  by  Governor  Eden's  Why  Not,  aged,  at  two 
heats,  beating  Colonel  Nicholson's  horse  and 
Mr.  Gough's"  horse  Garrick. 

And  on  the  i8th,  a  purse  of  £30  was  won 
by  Mr.  Gough's  horse  Garrick. 

Under  the  auspices  of  Governor  Robert 
Eden  (1769- 1775),  the  turf  in  Maryland 
became  more  fashionable  than  at  any  other 
period,  and  Annapolis,  the  abode  of  elegance 
and  refinement,  was  resorted  to  from  all  quarters 
at  its  regular  race  meetings. 

Before  we  close  this  sketch  of  the  colonial 
period  of  the  Maryland  turf,  it  may  be  of  in- 
terest to  reproduce  a  contemporary  report  of  a 
race,  the  same  being  one  of  the  rare  instances  in 
which  a  full  account  is  given  in  the  newspapers. 
It  occurs  in  the  Maryland  Gazette  of  Thursday, 
12  May,  1768,  and  is  as  follows: 

"To  the  Printers — As  a  mistake  appears  in 
your  last  Gazette,  in  publishing  our  Races,  we 
desire  you  will  publish  them  from  the  Account 
herewith  sent. 
We  are 

Your  humble  servants 

The  Managers  of  the 
Upper-Marlborough  Races." 

May  7,  1768. 


'Harry  Dorsey  Gough,  who  purchased  in  1774  the  well 
known  mansion,  built  in  Baltimore  County  by  Corbin  Lee  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  named  it  "Perry  Hall",  subsequently  celebrated  in  the 
annals  of  local   Methodism. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  69 

"On  Tuesday,  the  3d  Inst,  a  Match  for 
50  Guineas  was  run  for  over  the  Upper- 
Marlborough  Course.  One  four-mile  heat, 
carrying  9  Stone,  by  a  grey  filly  called 
Britannia,  got  by  Briton,  belonging  to  his 
Excellency  the  Governor,  and  a  black  Colt, 
call'd  Gimcrack,  got  by  Ariel,  belonging  to 
Notley  Young,  Esq.,  and  w^on  by  the  latter. 
Odds  Two  to  One  on  Gimcrack,  the  filly 
being  lame. 

Wednesday  4.  The  following  Horses 
started  for  the  Subscription  Purse  of  100 
Pounds,  viz: 

istH.zndH. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  Horse           Figure,  wt.  lO  St.   i  :  i 
Francis  Thornton's  Horse    Merryman,   wt. 

10  St.  2  :  2 

Sam  Galloway's  Horse          Selim,   wt.    10   St.  3  :  3 
Mr.  Thomas'  5  yr.  old          Buckskin,   8   St. 

10  lb.  4  :  dis. 

Odds  at  Starting,  Three  to  One  Selim 
against  the  Field;  Five  to  One  the  Field 
against  Figure;  Five  to  Four  Merryman 
would  be  distanced  in  the  Heats;  and  even 
Bets  Buckskin  would  be  distanced  in  the 
first  Heat. 

Figure  took  the  Lead  from  the  Post,  and 
won  the  Heats  with  great  Ease.  'Tis  re- 
markable that  the  last  Heat  was  run  in  8 
Minutes  and  52  Seconds.  The  Ground,  by 
a  fair  Measurement,  is  full  Four  Miles. 


TO  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Thursda}'  5.  A  purse  of  25  Pounds  was  run  for, 
by  Mr,  McGill's  bay  Colt  Nonpareil,  wt.  8  stone,  i 
Mr.  Bullen's  brown  Horse,  Liberty  (formerly 

Tryall)    aged,    10  St 2 

Dr.  Hamilton's  bay  Filly,  Frimrose,  8  stone.  .  .  .  dis. 
Mr.  Diggs'  mare  Moll  Row,  6  yrs.  old,  9  St.  6  lb.  dis. 

Bets  in  favor  of  Nonpareil,  who  won  the 
Heat  with  Ease,  and  received  the  Money — 
Liberty  not  starting  the  Second  Heat." 

In  1774,  out  of  deference  to  a  recommenda- 
tion of  the  Continental  Congress,  which  met  at 
Philadelphia  in  September  of  that  year,  the 
Fall  races  at  Annapolis  were  postponed  on  ac- 
count of  the  political  state  of  the  country,  and 
racing  in  Maryland  was  not  revived  until  after 
the  war.  It  is  indeed  remarkable  that  our  colo- 
nial Maryland  and  Virginia  ancestors,  who  ap- 
parently were  given  over  to  the  vanities  of  "the 
world,  the  flesh  and  the  devil",  from  the  Puritan 
viewpoint,  could  so  quickly  face  about  to  meet 
the  stern  realities  of  war,  and  out  of  this  situa- 
tion evolve  soldiers  and  statesmen  such  as  the 
world  had  never  seen.  Whatever  the  circum- 
stances may  be,  "a  man's  a  man  for  a'  that" !  On 
the  renewal  of  peace,  with  the  revival  of  amuse- 
ments, the  Maryland  Jockey  Club,  at  Annapolis, 
was  placed  on  its  former  respectable  footing, 
when  it  was  considered  a  distinguished  honor  to 
be  a  member  of  it — composed  of  such  gentlemen 
as  Governor  Paca,  Richard  Sprigg,  Esq.  (stew- 
ards), Hon.  Edward  Lloyd  (father  of  the  Gov- 


Bloodf/l  Horses  of   Colonial  Days  yt 

ernor),  Hon.  Benj.  C.  Stoddert  (the  first  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy),  Colonel  Stone  (afterward 
Governor),  Hon.  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton, 
Colonel  John  Eager  Howard  (afterward  Gov- 
ernor), Benjamin  Ogle,  Esq.,  (afterward  Gov- 
ernor), Hon.  George  Plater  (afterward  Gover- 
nor), General  Cadwallader,  Dr.  William  Mur- 
ray; and  Messrs.  Tilghman,  Steuart,  Galloway, 
Brogden,  Pearce,  Coursey,  Davidson  and  others. 
This  concludes  the  narration  of  the  colonial 
period  of  Maryland  turf  history,  an  angle  of 
her  early  history  so  little  known,  and  yet  so  in- 
teresting in  its  human  aspect.  As  we  have  seen, 
these  sports  of  the  turf  were  patronized,  encour- 
aged and  indulged  in  by  the  most  distinguished 
and  respectable  characters  of  the  Province. 
Only  one  instance  has  been  found  where  an  in- 
dividual was  accused  of  attempting  to  bribe  a 
rider  to  "throw  the  race",  and  in  this  case  the 
accused  was,  happily,  able  to  refute  the  despica- 
ble accusation. 


Colonial  Sportsmen,  with  Their  Horses 

who  Competed  in  Maryland 

Turf  Contests 


1745-1775 

(Asterisk  indicates  imported   horse) 


Barnes  : 

Young  Tanner 

Beanes: 

Regulus 

Bullen: 

Liberty  or  Trial,  Shillalah 

Calvert  : 

Jolly   Chester,  Regulus 

Carroll  : 

Marius 

DiGGES : 

Moll  Row,   Vendome 

Dulany: 

Nonpareil,  Paoli 

Eden: 

Badger,  Cook  Aglin,  Regulus,  Slim  or 

Sprightly,    Why   Not 

Galloway  : 

Lady  Legs,  Selim 

Gantt : 

Britannia,  Buffaloe,  True  Briton 

Gough: 

Gar  rick 

Hall: 

Fearnaught*,   Trial   (see  Bullen) 

Hamilton  : 

Dove*,    Figure*,    Harmony,    Primrose, 

Ranger*,    Thistle 

Heath: 

Merry  Andrew 

Hopper: 

Pleasure 

IjAMS : 

Driver,  Figure,  Garrat 

Lloyd: 

Nancy  Bywell*,   Traveller 

MacGiLL : 

Nonpareil 

74 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 


Nicholson  : 

Pacolet 

Ogle: 

Britannia,  Queen  Mab*,  Spark* 

Roberts : 

Grey  John 

Sharpe: 

Britannia,   Othello* 

Sim: 

Terror,  Wildair 

Sprigg  : 

Sportsman 

Tasker  : 

Ariel,  Selima*,  Stella,  Traveller,  etc. 

Tyler  : 

Driver, 

Waters  : 

Nettle,    Quaker  Lass 

WOLSTEN HOLME  : 

Tanner* 

Worrell  : 

Cato 

Young  : 

Gimcrack 

VIRGINIA 

Baylor  :  Lovely 

Bland  :  Brunswick  1 

Byrd:  Trial  \ 

Fauntleroy:  Miss  Sprightly 

FiTZHUGH :  Brilliant,  Kitty  Fisher*,  Regulus,  Silver- 

legs  I 

McCarty:  Achilles,      Little      Driver,      Silverlegs, 

Volunteer 

Slaughter  :  A  riel 

Spotswood:  Apollo,  Driver 

Tayloe:  Childers*,  Jenny    Cameron*,   Juniper*, 

Nonpareil,  Traveller,  Yorick 

Thornton  :  Merryman 

Warren  :  Petty  coatsloose 


DeLancy  : 


NEW  YORK 

Bashaw,  Nettle,  Sultana,  Wildair* 


I 


Leary : 
Orr: 

Samuels; 


Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days 

PENNSYLVANIA 

Old  England* 
Northumberland* 
Gran  by* 


7S 


Butler: 
Harrison  : 
Masters  : 
Nevins: 
Shuttlevvorth 
Thomas: 


UNCLASSIFIED 

Creeping  Kate 

Bean 

Babram,  Blacklegs,  Kitty,  Sportsman 

I   Will  If  I   Can 

Atlas,  Trial 

Buckskin 

Limber  Sides 

Old  Ranter 


Maryland  Racing  Centers 


1745-1775 

Anne  Arundel  County 

Annapolis 

Elk  Ridge 
Baltimore  County 

Baltimore  Town 

Joppa 
Cecil  County 

Charlestown 
Charles  County 

New  Port 

Fort  Tobacco 
Frederick  County 

Frederick  Town 

Georgetown 
Kent  County 

Chestertown 
Kent  Island 

Broad  Creek 
Prince   Georges   County 

Bladensburg 

Lower  Marlborough 

Nottingham 

Piscataway 

Queen  Anne  Town 

Rock  Creek 

Upper  Marlborough 
St.  Marys  County 

Leonardtown 
Talbot  County 

Oxford,    (or  "WiUiamstadt.") 

Easton,  (or  "Talbot  Co.  C.  H.") 


Old  Maryland  Jockey  Club 

(Revived  at  close  of  War) 
1st.   March    1783. 

Members. 

His    Excellency   GOVERNOR    PACA    and 
RICHARD  SPRIGG,  Esq.,  stewards 
Hon.  C.  Carroll  of  Carrollton 
Hon.  Col.  Edward  Lloyd 
Col.  John  Eager  Howard 
Thomas  Russell 
Edward  Coursey 
William  Brogden 
Richard  Bennett  Lloyd 
Samuel  Galloway 
James  Tilghman^  Jr. 
Hon.  Col.  John  Hoskins  Stone 
Henry  W.  Pearce 
Charles  Steuart 
Dr.  James  Steuart 
William  Steuart 
Joseph  Galloway 
Dr.  William  Murray 
Benjamin  Ogle 
Richard  Bennett  Hall 
General  Cadwalader 
Hon.  Benj.  C.  Stoddert 
Samuel  Harrison 
Major  John  Davidson 
Hon.  Col.  George  Plater 
James  MacCubbin  (son  of  Nicholas) 


Appendix  to  Maryland  Turf  Section 

Alphabetical  List  of  Horses  Mentioned; 

with  Owners'*  Names  and 

Pedigrees  of  Horses. 


(The  letters  M.G.  at  the  end  of  Pedigrees,  signify 
that  the  horse  and  his  pedigree  are  advertised  in 
the  old  Maryland  Gazette.  In  some  cases  no  pedi- 
gree can  be  given ;  for  the  reason,  perhaps,  that  the 
horse  did  not  develop  conspicuous  qualities  as  a 
racer  or  a  breeder.  The  asterisk  indicates  the 
horse  was  imported.) 

Achilles —  {McCarty's — Va, ) 

Raced   1772.     Bay  horse. 

Apollo — {Spotsiuood's — Va.) 

Raced  1771,  1772.     Bay  (or  brown?)   horse. 
Foaled    1767,    by   imported   Fearnaught   out   of 
"English  John"  Bland's  imported   Duchess    (by 
the    Cullen    Arabian).     The    dam    of    Duchess 
was  Lady  Thigh    (by  Croft's  Partner). 

Ariel —  ( Slaughter  s — Va. ) 

Raced  1773.     Black  horse. 

Ariel—  ( Tasker's—MA.) 

Stood  at  William  Brent's  in  Virginia,  in  1763. 
Foaled  1756,  and  bred  by  Colonel  Benjamin 
Tasker,  of  Prince  Georges  County,  Maryland. 
Son  of  Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of 
Tasker's  imported  Selima..  .M.G. 

Atlas —  (Shu  ttleworth's) 

Raced  1771.  Grey  horse.  (An  Atlas,  grey 
horse,  was  owned  in  1779,  by  James  Gould,  of 
Virginia,  and  got  by  imported  Silvereye  out  of 
a  dam  by  imported  Dabster). 


8o  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Babraham — (1740- 1 760),  in  England. 

Son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian  out  of  a  Hartley 
mare. 

Babram — (Masters') . 

Raced  1773.  Chestnut  horse. 
[There  was  a  Babraham  colt,  foaled  1761,  by  im- 
ported Juniper  (son  of  Babraham,  son  of  the 
Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  Tasker's  imported 
Selima.  Another  Babraham,  bay  colt,  was  foaled 
in  1759,  by  imported  Fearnaught,  out  of  im- 
ported Silver  (by  the  Belsize  Arabian).  Mr. 
John  Goode,  Sr.,  of  Virginia,  owned  a  Babram 
colt,  foaled  1766  and  died  1786,  that  was  got 
by  imported  Janus  out  of  a  dam  by  the  same]. 

'RADGEK—iEdens — Md. ) 

Grey  horse,  imported  about  1770  by  Governor 
Eden,  of  Maryland.  Got  by  Lord  Chedworth's 
Bosphorus  (son  of  Babraham,  son  of  the  God- 
olphin Arabian)  :  his  dam  by  imported  Othello: 
his  granddam  by  Flying  Childers.  He  was  sire 
of  Gov.  Benjamin  Ogle's  Badger,  a  capital  racer 
at  four-mile  heats.  Another  Badger,  bred  and 
owned  by  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton,  was 
begot  by  Spotswood's  Apollo. 

Bashaw — {DeLancy's — N.  Y.) 

Raced  1772.  Bay  horse,  155^  hands.  Foaled 
1768,  and  bred  by  James  DeLancy,  of  New- 
York. 

Son  of  DeLancy's  imported  Wildair;  his  dam 
was  DeLancy's  imported  Cub  mare,  foaled  1762. 

B EAN —  (Harrison  s) 

Raced  1751.     Grey  horse. 

Blacklegs — (Masters') 

Raced  1770,  1 77 1,  1772,  1773.  Bay  mare. 


',  or 

.vc  INfgro  iiu     a   Writing  cxprcft    _, 
^^..  jiim  by  the  i^iiani.irJs,  hj  wliom  he  was  la' 

'ken:  Ana  it  is  fuppofcd  lie  went  towards  I'irgima,  in  order  lo 
^•O  to  StjUtl^-Citroiina. 

ON  'l'huriU:iy  the  loch  of  U,vW'.;,  1745,  Friday  the  nth,  ^" 

and  v^atuiday  the  12th  of  the  fame  Month,  a  Fiir  will  be  "^' 
kept  at  BrJiimori-  Town,  in  Btltimnrc  County. 

On  the  tlie  firit  J)a\-  of  the  faid  Fair  will  be  run  for,  by  any 
Horfe,  Marc,  or  Gelding,  Ten  Founds  Current  Money  ;  to  run 

tUrcc  Heats,  half  a  Mile  eacli  Heat,  and  to  carrj/  one  Hundred  -. 

Twenty -live  Pounds  Weight.  \ 

On  the  fecond  Day  will  be  run  for  Five  Pounds  Current  ^^. 

Money,  to  run  three  Heats  the  fame  Diftance,  and  to  carry  the  ,j 

fame  Weight ;  the  winning  Horfe  the  firft  Day  to  be  excepted  ^ 

on  the  fecond.  ^ 

On  the  third  Day  will  be  run  for  Three  Pounds  Current  Mo-  '^ 

ncy,  die  fame  Courfc,  three  Heats ;  the  winning  Horfes  on  tlic  ^„  ^ 

■  iiilt  and  fecond  Days  to  be  excepted.  ^t^^ 

The  Florfes,  dfrV.  to  be  entered  either  with  William  Ham-  -^^ 
.  morJ,  or  Darh  lux,  at  any  Time  before  the  Day  of  Racing;     . 

.  paving  Ten  Shillings  for  each   Horfe  of  the  firft  Day,  .Seven  A 
Shillings  for  each  Horfe  of  the  fecond  Day,  and  Half  a  Crown     X 

for  f:zd\  Horfe  of  the  third  Day.  t^v* 

A  Hat  and  Ribbon  of  Twenty  five  Shillings  Value  to  be  cud-  w 
gelled  for  on  the  fecond  Day,  and  a  Pair  ot  London  Pumps  to  1 
be  wre'.t'ed  for  on  the  third  Day.  W 

All  D  fpctcs  that  may  arifc,  to  be  determined  hy  li  lUiam 
Havsmen.i,   C>iorl<iS  A'/V^/cy,  and  Darhy  Lux.         1 

'^    U  N  av^.-iv  ii-oin  tiie  Subfcriber,  living  at  O.xfotd'm  Talf-H 
^        y,  on    '  -  3iil  Do-      ''    '  -uj!  laf>,  '•  ■ 

Early  Announcement  of  a  Horse  Race 
From  Maryland  Gazette,  20th  September,  1745 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  8l 

Brilliant — {Fitzhugh's — Va.) 

Raced   1772.     Bay  horse. 

Son  of  imported  Fearnaught  out  of  Little  Willis 

(by  imported  Janus). 

Britannia —  ( Gantt's — Md. ) 

Raced  1766.  Foaled  1762,  by  imported  Othello 
out  of  Gantt's  Milly  (by  imported  Spark)  ; 
her  granddam  Queen  Mab  by  Musgrove's 
Arabian. 

Britannia —  ( Ogle's — Md. ) 

Raced  1772.  Grey  mare,  belonging  to  Ben- 
jamin Ogle,  and  formerly  to  Governor  Sharpe. 
(See  below). 

Britannia —  {Sharpens — Md, ) 

Raced  1768,  1769,  1770.  Grey  mare,  foaled 
1764,  by  True  Briton  out  of  Ebony  (by  Crab), 
M.G. 

Briton — 

Got  by  old  Spark  out  of  a  Barbary  blooded 
mare..  .M.G. 

Brunswick — {Bland's — Va.) 

Raced     1769,     Black     horse.     There     was     a 

Brunswick    got    by    Oroonoko    (son    of    Crab), 

his  dam  by  Babraham. 
Buckskin — (Thomas') 

Raced  1768.     Foaled  1763,  by  imported  Dove; 

dam  a  half-bred  mare. 

Buffaloe —  ( Gantt's — Md. ) 
Raced  1754. 

Cade — (i 734-1 756),  in  England. 

Son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian.  A  Cade,  bred 
by  Mr.  Warren  and  imported  into  South  Caro- 
lina in  1762,  was  foaled  in  1756,  by  old  Cade 
out  of  Silvertail   (by  Heneage's  Whitenose). 


82  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Cato—  ( Worrell's— Md. ) 
Raced   1769. 

Chester —  ( Yield  hall's — Md. ) 

Raced    1766.      (See   Calvert's  Jolly    Chester). 

*Childers —  ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 

Raced  1752.  Bay  horse,  imported  about  1751, 
by  Colonel  John  Tayloe,  Sr.,  and  stood  in  Staf- 
ford County,  Virginia,  in  1759.  Son  of  Blaze 
(son  of  the  Devonshire  Child ers)  :  his  dam  by 
old  Fox..  {3.  Childers,  bay  horse,  son  of  im- 
ported Child eis  out  of  a  Traveller  mare,  stood 
at  the  place  of  George  Lee,  Esq.,  in  Charles 
County,  Maryland,  in  1764). .  .M.G. 
Cook  Aglin — {Eden's — Md.) 

Raced   1770.     Grey  horse. 
Creeping  Kate — {Butler's). 
Raced  1752. 

*DovE— {Hamilton's— Md.) 

Raced  1764.  Grey  horse,  imported  in  Novem- 
ber 1 761,  by  Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton,  of  Prince 
Georges  County,  Maryland.  Son  of  young  Cade, 
his  dam  by  Teazer^  his  granddam  by  Scawing's 
Arabian  out  of  the  Gardiner  mare.  Teazer 
was  foaled  in  1739,  by  the  Bolton  Starling. 
.  .M.G. 

Driver — {I jams' — Md.) 

Raced   1 77 1.     Bay  horse. 
Driver — {Spotswood's — Va.) 

Raced  1771.     Grey  gelding. 

Driver—  ( Tyler's— MA. ) 

Raced  1764,  1766. 

Son  of  Othello  out  of  a  Spark  mare. 
Ebony — {Brent's — Va.) 

Foaled  1760,  by  Sharpe's  imported  Othello  out 

of  Tasker's  imported  Selima. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  8j 

*Fearnaught — {Hairs — Md.) 

Raced  1767,  1769.  Brown  horse. 
A  Fearnaught  {iTSS-iTjd) ,  I5}i  hands,  was 
imported  by  Colonel  John  Baylor  of  Virginia, 
in  1764.  He  was  a  son  of  Regulus  (son  of  the 
Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  Warren's  Silvertail 
(foaled  1738,  by  Heaneage's  Whitenose).  He 
was  own  brother  to  Careless  and  half  brother 
to  Sportsman  (by  Cade),  and  was  the  sire  of 
fVildairj  Regulus,  Godolphin  and  Specimen  out 
of  Jenny  Dismal,  and  sire  of  Nonpareil  out  of 
a  Janus  mare,  of  Gallant  out  of  a  Stately  mare, 
and  of  Spotswood's  Apollo  out  of  the  imported 
Cullen  Arabian  mare  {Duchess). 

*Fearnaught —  ( Warren  s — Va. ) 

Imported   1764.      (See  above). 

*FiGURE — {Hamilton  s — Md.) 

Raced  1766,  1768.  Bay  horse,  153^  hands, 
foaled  1757,  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Hamilton, 
and  imported  by  Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton,  of 
Prince  Georges  County,  Maryland,  in  1765. 
Son  of  old  Figure;  his  dam  young  Mariamne 
(by  Crab),  his  granddam  Mariamne  (by  Croft's 
Partner — son  of  Teg — son  of  the  Byerly  Turk — 
and  out  of  a  dam  by  the  Bald  Galloway ) . .  . 
M.G.  One  stud  book  gives  Figure's  dam  as 
Mariamne,  by  Victorious. 

Figure — {I jams' — Md.) 

Raced  1773.  Brown  horse.  A  Figure  "alias" 
Golden  Figure  was  taken  to  North  Carolina 
shortly  after  the  Revolution. 

FiGVRE— {alias,  "Old  Figure"). 

Got  by  an  Arabian ;  his  dam  by  young  Standard ; 
his  granddam,  the  celebrated  mare  old  Jason. 
.  .M.G. 


84  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Garrat —  ( Ijams^ — Md. ) 

Raced  1772.     Ba}^  horse. 

Garrick—  ( Cough's — Md. ) 
Raced  1774. 

GiMCRACK —  {Young's — Md. ) 

Raced    1768.     Black    horse.     Out    of    Ariel... 

M.C. 

A  Cimcrackj  Engh'sh  horse,  was  foaled  1760,  by 

Cripple  out  of  Miss  Elliot   (by  Croft's  Partner, 

foaled  1718). 

GoDOLPHiN  Arabian — (1724- 1753). 

A  Barb  imported  into  England  about  1730; 
great  English  ancestor  of  remarkable  racers  and 
thoroughbreds  in  America. 

*Granby — {Samuels'). 

Raced  1767.  Bay  horse,  imported.  A  Granby, 
bay  colt,  foaled  1759,  by  Blank  out  of  a  dam 
by  Crab,  was  bred  by  Mr.  Wildman  of  New 
York,  and  sometimes  called  "Marquis  of 
Granby".  A  Granby,  foaled  1 762,  by  the  Bel- 
size  Arabian  out  of  a  dam  by  imported  Shock, 
stood  in  Pennsylvania  in  1768. 

Grey  John — {Roberts' — Md.) 

Raced  1769.  Foaled  about  1764,  by  imported 
Fearnaught  out  of  a  dam  by  imported  Valiant; 
granddam  by  imported  Monkey. 

Harmony — {Hamilton's — Md. ) 

Raced  1771,  1772,  1773.  Bay  mare.  Foaled 
1757,  by  imported  Figure  out  of  Stella  (by  im- 
ported  Othello). 

I  Will  If  I  Can — (Nevins') 

Raced  1772.     Brown  mare. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  8$ 

* J AN us — 

Chestnut  horse  imported  to  Virginia  in  1752, 
by  Mr.  Mordecai  Booth  of  Gloucester  County. 
Foaled  1 746,  by  Janus  (foaled  1738),  son  of 
the  Oodolphin  Arabian  out  of  the  Little  Hartley 
mare  (by  Bartlett's  Childers,  a  son  of  the  Darley 
Arabian).  The  dam  of  Janus  was  by  old  Fox, 
his  granddam  by  the  Bald  Galloway. 

*Jenny  Cameron —  ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 

Raced  1752.  Imported  by  Colonel  John  Tay- 
loe  of  Virginia.  Got  by  Cuddy  (  a  son  of  old 
Fox)  out  of  Miss  Belvoir  (by  Grey  Grantham) . 
Jenny  Cameron  was  dam  of  Yorick's  dam 
(Blazella),  by  Blaze;  of  Lloyd's  Traveller,  by 
Morton's  imported  Traveller;  of  Silverlegs,  by 
Morton's  imported   Traveller. 

Jolly  Chester —  ( Calvert's — Md. ) 

Raced  1763.  A  Jolly  Chester  was  the  property 
of  Mr.  William  Yieldhall. 

Juniper —  ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 

Raced  1769.  Also  called  Little  Juniper;  son 
of  imported  Juniper  (foaled  1752),  that  was 
got  by  Babraham  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Arab- 
ian) out  of  Aura  (by  the  Stamford  Turk). 
His  granddam  was  by  a  brother  to  Conqueror 
(got  by  a  son  of  Fox)  ;  his  great  granddam  by 
Childers;  his  great  great  granddam  by  Basto. 
Little  Juniper's  dam  was  imported  Selima  (by 
the  Godolphin  Arabian). 

Kitty — (Masters') . 

Raced   1772,   1773.     Bay  mare. 

*KiTTY  Fisher — {Fitzhugh's — Va.) 

Raced  1773.  Grey  mare,  imported.  Got  by 
imported  Fearnought  out  of  Kitty  Fisher  (by 
Cade). 


86  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Old  Kitty  Fisher,  grey  mare,  was  foaled  in  1755, 
by  Cade  (a  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian)  and 
imported  by  Carter  Braxton  of  Virginia;  her 
dam  was  a  mare  by  the  Somerset  Arabian,  her 
granddam   Bald   Charlotte    (by   old   Royal). 

Lady  Legs — {Galloway's — Md.) 
Raced   1773.     Bay  mare. 

Liberty —  {Bullens — Md. ) 

See    Trial    (Bullen's). 

Limber  Sides — 

Little  Driver — {McCarty's — Va.) 

Raced  1769.  (An  old  Little  Driver  (1743- 
1767),  was  got  by  Great  Driver,  son  of  Snake, 
whose  dam  was  bred  by  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire and  got  by  Flying  Childers  out  of  a  daugh- 
ter of  Grantham). 

Lovely —  ( Bay  lor's — Va. ) 

Raced   1771.     Bay  mare. 

MakIUS— {Carroll's— MA.) 

Raced  1773.  Chestnut  horse.  Foaled  by 
Sharpe's  imported  Othello,  and  bred  and  owned 
by  Hon.  Charles  Carroll  of  Carrollton. 

Matchem — (1749- 1 781),   an   English  horse. 

Son  of  Cade  out  of  a  mare  (by  Croft's  Partner, 
foaled  1718). 

Merry  Andrew — {Heath's — Md.) 
Raced  1766. 

A  Merry  Andrew  colt  was  got  by  imported 
Othello  out  of  Gantt's  Milly  (by  imported 
Spark ) . 

Merryman — {Thornton's — Va.) 
Raced  1768. 


Blooded   Horses  of   Co/oriia/  Days  87 

Miss  Slamerkin — an  English  horse. 

Miss  Sprightly — {Fauntleroy's — Va.) 
Raced  1773.     Bay  mare. 

Moll  Rovf—{Digges'—MA.) 

Raced  1768.  Chestnut  mare.  Foaled  1762,  by 
imported  Dabster  out  of  a  dam  by  imported 
Bulle  Rock. 

*Nancy  Bywell — {Lloyd's — Md.) 

Raced  1770,  1771,  1772,  1773.  Bay  mare,  im- 
ported. Foaled  1761,  daughter  of  Matchem 
(son  of  Cade).  Her  dam  was  by  Goliah  (son 
of  Fox)  :  her  granddam  by  Red  Rose  (by  Old 
True  Blue)  ;  her  great  granddam  by  the  Curwen 
old  Spot;  her  great  great  granddam  by  Hip;  her 
great  great  great  granddam  by  Dodsworth  out 
of  a  Layton  Barb  mare. 

"Nancy  Bywell  is  said  to  have  been  the  only 
nag  in  Maryland  that  beat  Fitzhugh's  Regulus 
and  DeLancy's  imported  Lath." 

Nettle — {DeLancy's — N.  Y.) 

Raced  1773.     Bay  mare,  foaled  1768,  daughter 
of  imported   Granby  out  of  Nell  Gwynne    (by 
imported  Janus). 
She  is  probably  the  same  as  Heard's  Nettle. 

Nettle — ( Waters' — Md.) 

Raced    1772.     Bay   mare. 

Nonpareil — {Dulany's — Md.) 

Raced  1771.     Bay  horse. 

Nonpareil — {MacGill's — Md.) 

Raced  1768,  1769.  Bay  horse.  Son  of  im- 
ported Dove. 


88  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Nonpareil — ( Tayloe's — Va.) 

Raced  1769.  Dark  bay  horse,  15  hands  and  i 
inch.  Son  of  Nonpareil  (son  of  Morton's 
Traveller)  out  of  Blazella  (by  English  Blaze 
out  of  imported  Jenny   Cameron). 

*N0RTHUMBERLAND (Orrs). 

Raced  1767.  Grey  horse,  sometimes  called  the 
"Irish  Grey",  imported  into  Pennsylvania  by 
Mr.  Crow  (  it  is  said),  but  date  of  importa- 
tion and  pedigree  are  uncertain.  He  was  the 
property  of  Mr.  Andrew  Orr.  Probably  the 
son  of  Bustard  out  of  a  dam  by  Crab;  his 
granddam  by  Babraham. 

A  Northumberland  was  got  by  Cade  (son  of 
the  Godolphin  Arabian) :  his  dam  was  the  dam 
of  Snap. 

*Old  England — (Leary's). 

Raced  1763,  1767.  Bay  horse,  imported  into 
Pennsylvania,  the  property  of  Mr.  Leary,  but 
date  of  importation  and  pedigree  are  uncertain. 
An  Old  England,  bay  horse,,  was  foaled  1 741,  by 
the  Godolphin  Arabian  out  of  the  Little  Hartley 
mare,   daughter   of   Bartlett's   Childers. 

Old  R.4lNter — 

*OTli^l.\.0— {Sharp  e's — Md. ) 

Black  horse,  imported  1757  by  Governor 
Horatio  Sharpe,  of  Maryland.  He  was  bred  by 
Mr,  Panton  and  foaled  1743,  by  old  Crab 
(Ivord  Portmore's)  out  of  Miss  S  lamer  kin  (bred 
by  the  Duke  of  Somerset,  and  got  by  the  Hamp- 
ton Court  Childers).  Othello  was  the  sire  of 
Selim  and  True  Briton.     He  died  about  1767. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  8q 

Pacolet — (Nicholson  s — Md.) 

Raced   1773.     Bay  horse. 

An  imported  colt  Pacolet  (Colonel  Hopper's) 
was  got  by  Spark  out  of  Queen  Mab  (both 
afterwards  imported),  and  was  full  brother  to 
Alilly,  dam  of  True  Briton. 

Faoli—(D  ulany's— Md.) 

Raced  1769.  There  was  a  Paoli,  foaled  1763, 
by  imported  Janus. 

Partner — 

Bay  horse,  15  hands  and  I  inch,  was  got  by 
the  Duke  of  Hamilton's  Figure  (by  old  Figure, 
got  by  Standard).  His  dam  was  Britannia,  full 
sister  to  True  Briton.  (A  Partner  was  son  of 
Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of  Tasker's 
imported  Selima). 

Pettycoatsloose —  ( Warren's — Va. ) 
Raced  1773.     Black  mare. 

Pleasure — {Hopper's — Md.) 
Raced    1754. 

Primrose —  ( Hamilton's — Md. ) 

Raced  1768,  1769,  1771,  1772,  1773,  1774- 
Bay  mare,  got  by  Hamilton's  imported  Dove 
out  of  Stella. 

Quaker  Lass —  ( Waters' — Md. ) 

Raced  1772.  Bay  mare,  got  by  imported  Juniper 
out  of  imported  Molly  Pacolet  (by  imported 
Pacolet). 

A  Quaker  Lass,  chestnut  filly,  was  foaled  in 
1769,  by  imported  Kouli  Khan  out  of  a  dam 
by  imported  Valiant,  and  bred  by  Theodorick 
Bland,  of  Virginia. 


go  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

♦Queen  Ma^— {Ogle  s— MA.) 

Imported  1747,  by  Governor  Samuel  Ogle,  of 
Maryland.  Queen  Mab  was  got  by  Mus- 
grove's  Grey  Arabian;  her  dam  by  the  Hampton 
Court  Childers;  her  granddam  by  Harrison's 
Arabian;  her  great  granddam  by  the  Chestnut 
Arabian;  her  great  great  granddam  by  Leeds; 
her  great  great  great  granddam  by  a  Barb,  and 
the  dam  of  Mr.  Croft's  Greyhound.  (A  Queen 
Mab  was  daughter  of  Cade,  son  of  the  God- 
olphin  Arabian). 

*Ranger — {Hamilton's — Md.) 

Raced  1766,  1767,  1769.  Bay  horse,  imported 
by  Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton,  of  Prince  Georges 
County,  Maryland.  Son  of  Martindale's  Regu- 
lus  (a  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  a 
dam  by  Merry  Andrew;  granddam  by  Steady; 
great  granddam  by  Croft's  Partner. 

Regulus — {Beanes' — Md.) 

Raced  1771,  1773-  Grey  horse,  son  of  Hamil- 
ton's imported  Dove. 

Regulus —  ( Calvert's — Md. ) 

Raced  1766,  1767.  Black  horse,  son  of  Sharpe's 
imported  Othello. 

Regulus — {Eden's — Md.) 
Raced   1769. 

Regulus — {Fitzhugh's — Va. ) 

Raced  1770,  1771,  1772,  1773-  Bay  horse, 
about  15  hands,  bred  by  Colonel  Baylor  of  Vir- 
ginia. Got  by  imported  Fearnaught  (son  of 
Martindale's  Regulus,  a  son  of  the  Godolphin 
Arabian)  out  of  the  imported  Jenny  Dismal 
(by  old  Dismal,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian), 
her  dam  by  Lord  Godolphin's  JVhitefoot. 


Blooded  Horses  of   Colonial  Days  QI 

Regulus — (1739- 1 765),  an  English  horse. 

Son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  out  of  Grey 
Robinson  (by  the  Bald  Galloway)  :  his  grand- 
dam  by  old  Snake;  his  great  granddam  old 
Wilkes  and  got  by  old  Hautboy.  He  was  sire 
of  Trajan,  Royal,  Cato,  etc.  and  sire  of  Careless, 
Fearnaught,  and  Spiletta  (the  dam  of  Eclipse). 

*Regulus —  (Bunuell's — Va. ) 

Owned  by  Colonel  Lewis  Burwell  of  Virginia. 
Imported.  Foaled  1747,  by  Regulus  out  of  a 
Croft's  Partner  mare.  He  was  half  brother  to 
Bald  Partner  by  Smiling  Tom  out  of  a  Partner 
mare    (her   dam    by    Cupid-Hautboy-Bustler). 

Selim —  ( Galloway's — Md. ) 

Raced  1766,  1767,  1768,  1769,  1771,  1772. 
Bay  horse,  upwards  of  15  hands,  owned  by 
Samuel  Galloway  of  West  River,  Maryland,  and 
foaled  1759,  by  Sharpe's  imported  Othello  out 
of  Tasker's  imported  Selima. 

*Selima— ( Taskers—Md.) 

Raced  1752.  Bay  mare.  Bred  by  Lord  Craven 
and  imported  about  1 750-1 752  by  Colonel  Ben- 
jamin Tasker  of  Prince  Georges  County,  Mary- 
land. Foaled  1746,  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian 
out  of  the  Large  Hartley  mare\  Selima  was 
dam  of  Black  Selima  (by  Fearnaught),  of  Selim 
(by  Othello),  of  Brent's  Ebony  and  of  Stella, 
etc. 

Shellaley — (Bullens — Md.) 
Raced  1767. 


^In  Frank  Forester's  "The  Horse  in  America,"  Vol.  I,  134, 
the  question  is  raised  as  to  the  name  of  Selima's  dam;  but  on  false 
premises  that  she  was  the  Little  Hartley  mare,  as  commonly  sup- 
posed. 


g2  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

SiLVERLEGS —  ( Fitzhugh's — Va. ) 

Raced  1772.     Bay  horse,  foaled  1763. 

SiLVERLEGS —  ( McCarty's — Va. ) 

Raced  1769,  1770,  1771.  Bay  horse,  son  of 
Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of  Tayloe's 
imported  Jenny  Cameron. 

?>um— {Eden's— ML) 

Raced  1774.  Chestnut  horse,  purchased  by 
Governor  Robert  Eden  of  Maryland  about  1774. 
Name  changed  to  Sprightly.  Foaled  1768,  by 
Wildman's  Babraham;  his  dam  by  Roger's 
Babraham;  his  granddam  by  Sedbury  out  of 
Lord  Portmore's  Ebony. 

*Spark—  ( Ogle's— Md. ) 

Bred  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  imported  from 
England  in  1747  by  Governor  Samuel  Ogle  of 
Maryland. 

Spark  is  recorded  as  a  son  of  Honeycomb  Punch 
out  of  Wilkes'  old  Hautboy  mare  Miss  Col- 
ville.  His  pedigree  bears  the  seal  of  Lord  Balti- 
more. 

An  old  Spark  was  got  by  Aleppo  (foaled  171 1) 
son  of  the  Darley  Arabian. 

Sportsman —  ( Sprigg's — Md. ) 
Raced  1767. 

Sportsman — (Masters') . 

Raced   1772.     Bay  gelding. 

Stella— ( Tfljy&er'f—Md.) 

Bred  and  owned  by  Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker, 
of  Prince  Georges  County,  Maryland.  Foaled 
1758,  by  Sharpe's  imported  Othello  out  of 
Tasker's  imported  Selima.     Stella  was  dam  of 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  gs 

Dr.  Thomas  Hamilton's  Primrose  and  Thistle, 
by  his  imported  Dove,  and  of  Harmony  by  his 
imported   Figure. 

Sultana — (DeLancy's — N.  Y.) 

Raced  1772,  1773.  Bay  mare,  daughter  of  De- 
Lancy's imported  Wildair. 

*Tanner — ( Wolstenholme's — Md.) 

A  bay  horse,  foaled  1757,  and  imported  into 
Maryland  by  Daniel  Wolstenholme  of  St. 
Marys  County.  He  was  a  son  of  young  Cade. 
(See  Young  Tanner). 

Te'RKOK— {Sim's— Md. ) 
Raced  1766. 

Thistle — {Hamilton's — Md.) 

Raced  1769.  Got  by  Dr.  Hamilton's  imported 
Dove  out  of  Stella, 

Traveller — {Burw  ell's — Va. ) 

Bay  horse,  upwards  of  16  hands,  bred  by 
Colonel  Benjamin  Tasker  of  Prince  Georges 
County,  Maryland,  and  foaled  1756,  by  Mor- 
ton's imported  Traveller  out  of  Miss  Colvill. 
.  .M.G. 

Traveller — {Lloyd's — Md.) 

Got  by  Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of 
Tayloe's  imported  Jenny   Cameron. 

•Traveller —  {Mortons — Va. ) 

Foaled  1748,  and  imported  prior  to  1754,  when 
he  stood  at  Richmond  County  Courthouse,  in 
Virginia.  He  was  bred  by  Mr.  Crofts  and 
got  by  his  famous  Partner  (grandson  of  the 
Byerly  Turk)  out  of  a  dam  by  Bloody  Buttock' 
(an  Arabian). 


94  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Traveller  s  granddam  was  by  Greyhound;  his 
great  granddam  by  Makeless;  his  great  great 
granddam  by  Brimmer,  etc. 
He  was  sire  of  Yorick  and  Trial  out  of  an  im- 
ported Blazella,  of  Burwell's  Traveller  out  of 
a  Janus  mare,  of  Lloyd's  Traveller  out  of  Jenny 
Cameron,  of  Ariel  and  Partner  out  of  imported 
Selima,  and  of  Mark  Anthony  out  of  an  Othello 
mare..  .M.G. 

Traveller — ( Tasker's — Md. ) 

See  Burwell's  Traveller. 

Traveller —  ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 

Raced    1767.     See   Lloyd's    Traveller. 

TKiAi.—  {Bullens—MA. ) 

Raced  1766,  1767,  1768.     Brown  horse,  son  of 

Othello. 

Formerly,  Hall's  Trial. 

Trial —  {Burwell's — Va. ) 

By  Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of  Blazella 
(by  Blaze).     He  was  full   brother   to  Yorick. 

Trial —  {Byrd's — Va. ) 
Raced  1752. 

Trial— (//a/r^—Md.) 

See  Bullen's  Trial. 

Trial — (Shuttleworth's) . 
Raced    1769. 

True  Briton — (Gantt's — Md.) 

Raced  1763.  Bay  horse,  the  property  of 
Thomas  Gantt,  Jr.,  of  Mar5'land,  and  foaled 
1757,  by  Othello  out  of  Milly  (by  old  Spark), 
who  was  full  sister  to  Colonel  Hopper's  Pacolet. 
The  dam  of  Milly  was  Queen  Mab  (by  Mus- 
grove's  Grey  Arabian). 


Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days  QS 

Vendome — {Digges' — Md.) 

Raced    1 75 1.     Bay   horse. 

Volunteer — {McCarty's — Va.) 

Raced  1769.     Chestnut  gelding. 

Why  'Hot— {Eden's— ma.) 

Raced  1773,  1774.  Owned  in  1779  in  Glou- 
cester County,  Virginia.  Bay  horse,  15  hands, 
son  of  imported  Fearnaught  (foaled  1755)  out 
of  an  Othello  mare:  his  granddam  by  Spark. 

WiLDAiR— (Sim's— Md. ) 

Raced  1770,  1771,  1772,  1774.  Bay  horse, 
155^  hands,  bred  by  Colonel  Joseph  Sim,  of 
Prince  Georges  County,  Maryland,  and  foaled 
1764,  by  DeLancy's  imported  Wildair  (son  of 
old  Cade)  out  of  a  dam  by  Ariel;  his  granddam 
by  imported  Othello;  his  great  granddam  a 
Barb.  Sim's  Wildair  was  the  first  colt  by  im- 
ported Wildair,  in  America. 

*yV\hii AiK— {DeLancy's— H.  Y.) 

Bay  horse,  imported  1763,  by  Mr.  DeLancy,  of 
New  York.  Foaled  1753,  by  old  Cade;  his 
dam  by  Steady,  son  of  Flying  Childers;  his 
granddam  by  Partner.  Reshipped  to  England 
about  1773.  Sire  of  Colonel  Sim's  Wildair,  of 
Miss  Slamerkin  (out  of  a  Cub  mare),  of  De- 
Lancy's Sultana  and  Angelica.  A  Wildair 
(Symmes' — Va.)  is  recorded  as  got  by  old  Fear- 
naught  out  of  a  Jolly  Roger  mare. 

YoRiCK —  ( Tayloe's — Va. ) 

Raced  1766.  Chestnut  horse,  15  hands  and  2 
inches,  son  of  Morton's  imported  Traveller  out 
of  imported  Blazella  (by  Blaze,  a  son  of  Flying 
Childers).  The  dam  of  Blazella  was  Tayloe's 
imported  Jenny  Cameron. 


g6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Young  Tanner — {Barnes' — Md.) 

Raced  1774.  Owned  by  Colonel  Abraham 
Barnes,  of  "Tudor  Hall",  Leonardtown,  St. 
Marys  County,  Maryland.  Afterwards  called 
Bajazette,  when  owned  by  General  John  Cad- 
walader. 

Got  by  Tanner  (son  of  Cade)  out  of  Camilla 
(by  imported  Tanner  out  of  Tasker's  imported 
Selima).  The  sire,  Tanner ,  was  imported  in 
the  Summer  of  1764,  by  Daniel  Wolstenholme 
of  St.  Marys  County,  Maryland,  and  shipped 
by  Osgood  Hanbury  of  London,  in  the  "John 
and  Samuel",  Captain  Curling. 


MEMORABILIA 


Maryland  Jockey  Club 


Act  of  Incorporatio7i 

Autographs  of  Former  Members 

Scenes  Connected  zuith  Historic  Pimlico 

A^idrew  Jackson  s  Letter  Accepting  Membership 


An  Act  to  Incorporate  the 
Maryland  Jockey  Club 

(Laws    of    Maryland.    1872.    Chapter    55) 


Whereas  a  mim1)or  of  persons  have  formed  an  association  for 
the  improvement  of  the  breed  of  horses  and  are  now  desirous  of 
being  incorporated.     Therefore  : 

Section  1.  Be  it  enacted  by  the  General  Assembly  of  Mary- 
land, That  Oden  Bowie,  of  Prince  Georges  County ;  Jacob  Tome, 
of  Cecil  county ;  Edward  Lloyd  and  S.  Hambleton,  of  Talbot 
county;  John  Lee  Carroll,  of  Howard  county;  Alexander  D. 
Brown,  John  Merryman  and  Lewis  Turner,  Jr.,  of  Baltimore 
county;  W.  H.  DeCourcey,  of  Queen  Anne's  county;  Henry  T. 
Weld,  of  Allegany  county;  A.  S.  Abell,  Washington  Booth,  W. 
W.  Corcoran,  John  W.  Garrett,  H.  D.  G.  Carroll,  James  D. 
Clark,  Robert  A.  Fisher,  Robert  Fowler,  J.  Hall  Pleasants,  Wil- 
liam Devries,  A.  W.  Dennison,  Hamilton  Easter,  C.  C.  Fulton, 
Robert  Garrett,  W.  W.  Glenn,  James  Hodges,  J.  Strieker  Jenkins, 
Henry  E.  Johnston,  J.  Wilcox  Brown,  Robert  R.  Kirkland,  Louis 
McLane,  C.  Oliver  O'Donnell,  J.  Howard  McHenry,  Robert  Ren- 
wick,  Frederick  Raine,  Hugh  Sisson,  W.  Prescott  Smith,  Henry 
Tyson,  George  Small,  J.  Alexander  Shriver,  C.  Morton  Stewart, 
J.  P.  Thom,  Samuel  H.  Tagart,  J.  Hanson  Thomas,  S.  Teackle 
Wallis,  William  T.  Walters.  Thomas  Swann,  John  Carroll  Walsh 
and  Evan  Stanley  Rogers  and  their  associates,  who  now  consti- 
tute the  Maryland  Jockey  Club,  and  such  others  as  shall  hereafter 
be  admitted  members  of  the  same,  be  and  are  hereby  constituted 


a  body  politic  and  corporate,  with  succession  nndtT  tlic  name  and 
style  of  the  Maryland  Jockey  CInl),  with  |)o\ver  tn  thcin  and  their 
sncccssiirs  to  adopt  a  common  seal  and  the  same  to  alter  anfl 
clianiie,  and  liy  the  corporate  name  ahii\e  mentioned  to  sne  and 
be  sued,  implead  and  he  impleaded,  and  to  take  and  hold  projjerty, 
real,  personal  and  nn'xed,  and  the  same  to  sell,  exchange  or  otlier- 
wise  dispose  of,  and  in  general  to  do,  perform  and  suffer,  with 
reference  to  the  hereinbefore-mentioned  purpose  of  their  incor- 
poration, all  acts  and  tilings  whicli  may  lawfully  l)e  done,  i)er- 
formed  and  suffered  by  a  natural  person. 

Sec.  2.  And  be  it  enacted.  That  this  corporation,  or  a  majority 
of  the  members  of  the  same,  shall  have  full  power  to  make  a 
system  of  rules  and  regulations  under  the  domination  of  a  consti- 
tution and  by-laws,  or  otherwise,  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws 
of  the  State,  for  the  management  of  the  affairs  of  the  said  club, 
and  the  same  to  alter  and  amend,  abrogate  and  annul,  whenever 
they  may  think  proper ;  and  the  present  officers  of  the  club  shall 
continue  in  their  respective  stations  until  an  election  shall  be 
made  imder  this  act ;  and  the  constitution  and  by-laws  and  rules 
now  in  force,  not  inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  this  State,  shall  be 
good  and  valid  until  altered,  amended,  abrogated  by  the  corpora- 
tion. 

Sec.  3.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  the  object  of  the  said  corpora- 
tion shall  be  the  improvement  of  the  breed  of  horses ;  and  in 
carrying  out  the  said  object  the  said  corporation  may  hold  one  or 
more  meetings  in  each  year,  at  such  place  as  it  may  select,  for  the 
exhibition  and  trial  of  such  animals  as  it  may  deem  proper,  and 
may  offer  and  give  such  premiums  as  it  may  determine  on,  for 
superiority  in  the  object  sought  for. 


Sec.  4.  And  he  it  enaL-ted,  Tliat  all  acts  heretofore  done  and 
all  acts  to  be  done  l)y  the  persons  constituting  the  ^laryland 
Jockey  Club,  in  furtherance  of  the  object  of  its  formation  and  all 
mortgages,  bonds  or  other  instruments  made  to  such  persons  so 
associated,  shall  remain  and  continue  in  full  force  and  virtue,  at 
law  and  in  equity,  in  like  manner  as  if  such  unincorporated  asso- 
ciation of  persons  liad  orinigally  been  a  body  corporate. 

Sec.  5.  And  be  it  enacted,  That  for  the  purpose  of  preserving 
order  and  protecting  property  the  Police  Commissioners  of  the 
City  of  Baltimore  be,  and  they  are  hereby  authorized,  upon  the 
request  of  the  president  of  the  said  club,  to  detail  such  force  as 
they  may  deem  sufficient  for  the  preservation  of  order  during 
such  exhibitions  of  the  said  club,  which  detailed  force  shall  have 
the  power  that  police  of  the  city  have  as  conservators  of  the  peace. 

Sec.  6.  And  be  it  enacted.  That  this  act  shall  take  effect  from 
the  date  of  its  passage,  and  the  Legislature  reserves  the  riglit  to 
alter  and  amend  this  act  at  pleasure. 

Approved  March  1,  1872. 


TRANSFER  OF  CHARTER. 

Whereas,  The  Charter  of  the  Maryland  Jockey  Chib, 
although  the  organization  is  not  in  active  operation,  is  still 
the  property  of  the  membership,  therefore, 

We,  the  undersigned  former  members  of  the  Maryland 
Jockey  Club,  desire,  by  the  attachment  of  our  signatures, 
to  attest  our  approval  of  the  revival  of  the 

MARYLAND  JOCKEY  CLUB 


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Club    at   the   time    of   the    revival    of   the 

organization  as  it  exists  today 


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Horse  Breeding  and  Racing 
in  Colonial  Virginia 


Horse-Breeding  in  Colonial  Virginia 


Virginia  and  Maryland  were  the  chief  cen- 
ters of  the  development  of  the  blood-horse  and 
thoroughbred  racer  in  colonial  days.  In  the 
earlier  period  of  the  turf  in  the  colonies  quarter- 
racing  was  most  in  vogue  and  sport,  rather  than 
improvement  of  breed,  was  the  primary  in- 
centive to  action/  The  earliest  extant  files  of 
the  Virginia  Gazette,  from  1736  to  1739,  con- 
tain no  reference  to  imported  horses,  but  be- 
tween the  years  1740  to  1750  the  sportsmen  of 
Virginia,  as  did  those  of  Maryland,  began  to  im- 
port horses  from  England  for  breeding  and  rac- 
ing, and  the  blood  of  some  of  the  best  horses  in 
America  to-day,  notably  those  in  Kentucky,  may 
be  traced  back  to  these  imported  English 
thoroughbreds  of  pre-Revolutionary  days. 

Rev.  Andrew  Burnaby,  in  his  "Travels 
through  the  Middle  Settlements  of  North 
America,  in  1759  and  1760",  published  at  Lon- 
don in  1775,  remarks:  "The  horses  [of  Virginia] 
are  fleet  and  beautiful;  and  the  gentlemen  of 
Virginia,  who  are  exceedingly  fond  of  horse- 
racing,  have  spared  no  expense  or  trouble  to 
improve  the  breed  of  them  by  importing  great 
numbers  from  England". 

^"Scrub"  races  are  mentioned  in  Virginia  prior  to  1700. 


100  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Fearnaught,  purchased  for  looo  guineas  and 
imported  into  Virginia  by  Colonel  John  Baylor, 
of  "Newmarket",  Caroline  County,  in  March 
1764,  was  regarded  as  the  Godolphin  Arabian 
of  the  "Old  Dominion",  if  not  of  America.  He 
was  a  very  superior  bay,  15^  hands  in  height, 
bred  by  Mr.  Warren,  and  foaled  in  1755  by 
Regulus  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian)  out 
of  Silvertail,  a  mare  descended  from  the  Darley 
Arabian.  Fearnaught' s  sixth  dam  was  the 
Dodsworth  dam,  a  Royal  mare.  He  was  bred 
to  the  best  mares  in  the  Country  and  the  product 
was  a  very  superior  class  of  horses.  Fearnaught 
died  in  Greenville  County,  Virginia,  in  the 
autumn  of  1776,  aged  21  years. 

When  Fearnaught  arrived  in  America  with 
all  the  prestige  of  his  aristocratic  lineage,  he 
fortunately  was  not  called  upon  to  dissipate  his 
powers  through  mediocre  channels.  Before  the 
importation  of  Fearnaught  another  imported 
English  thoroughbred  had  left  his  impress  on 
the  stock  of  Virginia.  This  horse  was  Jolly 
Roger,  or  Roger  of  the  Vale,  as  he  was  called 
in  England.  He  Avas  a  chestnut  horse,  bred  and 
imported  by  Mr.  Craddock  about  1748,  and 
foaled  in  1741  by  Roundhead  out  of  a  sister  to 
the  Wilkie  mare  (by  Croft's  Partner).  His 
seventh  dam  was  the  Burton  Barb  mare.  Jolly 
Roger  got  some  speedy  but  not  over-stout  sons 
and  daughters.  He  died  in  Greenville  County, 
Virginia,  in  1772,  aged  31  years. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  lOi 

Yet  another  horse  of  good  antecedents  had 
preceded  Fearnaught  to  Virginia;  namely, 
Janus,  the  son  of  old  Janus,  the  latter  a  son  of  the 
Godolphin  Arabian  out  of  the  Little  Hartley 
mare.  Janus  was  a  chestnut  horse,  foaled  in 
1746,  and  imported  into  Virginia  about  1752  by 
Mr.  Mordecai  Booth.  He  was  bargainea  for 
by  John  Goode,  Esq.,  of  Mecklenburg  County, 
who  agreed  to  give  £150,  Virginia  currency,  for 
him,  provided  he  was  safely  delivered  to  his 
stable  in  the  Winter  of  1780.  Janus  set  out  for 
the  stable  of  Mr.  Booth,  as  aforesaid,  and  pro- 
gressed as  far  as  the  stable  of  Mr.  Haynes,  where 
he  died  in  1780,  aged  34  years. 

''Both  Janus  and  Jolly  Roger  are  entitled  to 
much  credit  when  we  come  to  trace  the  history, 
of  the  blood-horse  in  America.  They  are  the 
first  links  in  the  chain  which  binds  the  present 
to  the  past.  They  sowed  the  seed  which  brought 
forth  good  fruit.  Their  blood  mingled  with 
coarser  currents  and  gave  a  shade  of  purity 
and  richness  to  these  currents."  So  that, 
when  Fearnaught  came  from  England  to  Vir- 
ginia, there  was  a  foundation  to  work  upon,  "for 
Janus  and  Jolly  Roger  had  not  lived  in  vain. 
Many  of  their  descendants  had  reached  the  age 
of  maturity,  and  they  were  prepared  to  receive, 
blend  with  their  own,  and  perpetuate  the  blood 
of  the  son  of  Regulus." 

Besides    the    aforementioned,     there    were 
other  blooded  horses  that  had  preceded  Fear- 


102  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

naught  in  Virginia  and  deserve  recognition  here. 
Crab,  foaled  in  1736  and  bred  by  Mr,  Routh, 
was  imported  into  Virginia  about  1746.  He  died 
in  Virginia  in  1750.  He  was  the  son  of  old  Crab; 
dam  by  Counsellor,  granddam  by  Coneyskins, 
great  granddam  by  Huttons  Arabian. 

Monkey,  foaled  1725  by  Lord  Lonsdale's 
bay  Arabian,  was  imported  by  Nathaniel  Har- 
rison, of  "Brandon",  in  1747  at  the  age  of  22 
years.  He  stood  in  Virginia  and  North  Caro- 
lina, and  died  in  1754.  His  dam  was  by  Curwen's 
bay  Barb;  his  granddam  by  the  Byerly  Turk. 

Morton's  imported  Traveller  was  another 
Virginia  stallion  of  renown  in  the  old  days,  hav- 
ing been  imported  prior  to  1754,  when  he  stood 
at  Richmond  County  Courthouse.  He  was 
foaled  in  1748,  by  Croft's  Partner  out  of  the  bay 
dam  Bloody  Buttucks  (by  Bloody  Buttucks). 
His  fifth  dam  was  by  Place's  White  Turk;  his 
sixth  by  Dodsworth;  his  seventh  dam  a  Layton 
Barb  mare.  Traveller  was  the  sire  of  Colonel 
John  Tayloe's  famous  race-horse  Yorick  (out  of 
Blazella),  of  Richard  Lee's  Mark  Anthony  (out 
of  an  Othello  mare),  and  of  other  celebrated 
horses  of  the  Colonial  turf. 

Juniper,  a  successful  racer,  was  imported  in 
1761  by  Colonel  Symmes,  of  Virginia.  He  was 
a  bay,  foaled  1752  by  Babraham  out  of  Aura 
(by  the  Stamford  Turk)^  and  came  to  America 
with  the  prestige  of  ancient  lineage. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  103 

Mares  of  true  blood  were  also  imported 
from  England  into  Colonial  Virginia.  Wilkes' 
Old  Hautboy  mare,  her  dam  by  Brimmer,  was 
imported  by  Colonel  Colville,  and  afterward 
known  as  Miss  Colville.  Old  Hautboy  was  a 
son  of  the  D'Arcy  White  Turk  out  of  one  of 
King  Charles  the  Second's  Barb  mares. 

Blazella,  also  called  Betty  Blazella,  by  the 
English  Blaze,  was  imported  with  her  dam 
Jenny  Cameron,  by  Colonel  John  Tayloe. 
Among  the  offspring  of  these  mares  we  find 
several  celebrated  racers  and  producers  whose 
names  are  written  upon  the  pages  of  Maryland 
and  Virginia  turf  history  before  the  Revolution. 
Among  these  are  Traveller  (Lloyd's),  Silver- 
legs,  Yorick,  Trial,  Quaker  Lass  and  many 
others. 

Kitty  Fisher,  a  successful  brood-mare,  was 
imported  by  Carter  Braxton,  Esq.  She  was  by 
Cade  out  of  a  dam  by  the  Somerset  Arabian: 
and  Jenny  Dismal,  imported  by  Colonel  John 
Baylor  of  "Newmarket",  and  said  to  have  been 
foaled  by  old  Dismal  (son  of  the  Godolphin 
Arabian)  must  not  be  forgotten.  Jenny  Dismal 
was  the  dam  of  Fitzhugh's  Regulus  by  imported 
Fearnaught. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  note  here  the  names 
of  the  more  or  less  celebrated  horses  and  mares 
that  were  imported  into  Virginia  before  the 
War  of  the  American  Revolution: 


104 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 


HORSES 

Aristotle 

Juniper 

Brunswick 

Justice 

Bucephalus 

Kouli  Khan 

Buffcoat 

Lofty 

Bulla  Rock 

Merry   Tom 

Childers 

Monkey 

Crab 

Oscar 

Crawford 

Ranter 

Cub 

Regulus 

Dabster 

Shock 

David 

Silvereye 

Dotterall 

Sober  John 

Eclipse 

Spot   (Arabian) 

Fearnaught 

Stirling 

Jack  of  Diamonds 

Tom    Jones 

Janus 

Traveller    (Morton's) 

Jolly  Roger 

Vampire 

MARES 

Blazella 

Jenny  Dismal 

Blossom 

Kitty  Fisher 

Bonny  Lass 

Mary  Gray 

Calista 

Miss    Colville 

Cassandra 

Moll   Brazen 

Childers  Mare 

Silver 

Cub  Mare 

Stella 

Cullen   Arabian   mare 

Whitefoot  mare 

Jenny  Cameron 

Colonel  John  Baylor  of  "Newmarket", 
Caroline  County,  Virginia,  was  perhaps  the 
chief  importer  and  breeder  of  thoroughbreds  in 
this  colony  before  the   Revolution.     He  was 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  105 

born  in  King  and  Queen  County,  in  1705,  and 
died  at  his  seat  in  Caroline  County  in  1772.  His 
will,  dated  19th  February  1770  and  proved  i6th 
May  1772,  mentions  "my  English  horse  Fear- 
naiight  and  these  mares:  namely,  old  Jenny  Dis- 
mal, English  grey  Steady,  Sally  and  Lovely," 
bequeathed  to  his  eldest  son  John  Baylor;  and 
to  his  son  George  Baylor  "his  own  riding-mare; 
Jenny  Dismal's  colt  Godolphin;  his  grey  mare 
Sprightly,  at  the  old  house,  and  the  young 
brown  English  begotten  mare  Stella'.  After 
Colonel  Baylor's  death,  his  stud  of  nearly  one 
hundred  horses,  etc.,  including  about  fifty  head 
of  thoroughbreds,  was  disposed  of  by  his  execu- 
tors. 

Colonel  John  Willis,  of  Brunswick  County, 
was  the  owner  of  many  fine  horses,  and  we  find, 
in  1771,  a  notice  of  the  sale,  at  "Blandford",  by 
Augustine  Willis,  of  "about  twenty  likely 
blooded  horses,  mares  and  colts,  the  property 
of  the  estate  of  Colonel  John  Willis." 

Captain  Littleberry  Hardyman,  of  Charles 
City  County,  owned  a  number  of  blooded  horses, 
mares  and  colts,  including  Partner  and  a  half 
interest  in  Aristotle. 

Colonel  John  Tayloe,  II,  of  "Mt.  Airy", 
Richmond  County,  was  the  best  known  patron 
of  the  turf  in  colonial  Virginia.  He  was  born 
in  1721  and  died  in  1779.  His  father.  Colonel 
John  Tayloe  I,  deceased  in  1747,  and  the  son  in- 
herited the  paternal  estate  on  which  he  built  the 


io6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

present  "Mt.  Airy"  mansion  in  1748,  after  his 
marriage  to  Rebecca,  daughter  of  the  Hon. 
George  Plater  of  "Sotterly",  St.  Marys  County, 
Maryland,  and  sister  to  George  Plater,  Gov- 
ernor of  Maryland,  in  1791.  Colonel  John 
Tayloe  II  maintained  his  stud  of  blooded  horses 
and  kept  a  private  racetrack  on  his  estate,  "Mt. 
Airy."  He  was  the  owner  of  Yorick,  Jolly 
Roger,  and  Jenny  Cameron,  among  the  most 
famous  horses  of  pre-Revolutionary  days. 

The  horse-breeding  and  horse-racing  fever 
was  epidemic  in  colonial  Virginia,  as  the  fol- 
lowing names  will  demonstrate: 


Principal  Importers,  Breeders  and  Sportsmen 
in  Virginia,  Before  the  Revolution 


Edward  Ambler 

Col.  John  Baylor 

Sir  Marmaduke  Beckwith 

Theodorick  Bland 

Mordecai  Booth,  of  Gloucester 

Carter   Braxton 

William  Brent,  of  "Richland" 

Col.  Lewis  Burwell 

Col.  William  Byrd,  of  "Westover" 

Landon  Carter 

James  Caruthers 

William  Churchill,  of  "Wilton" 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  107 

Colonel   Colville 

Peter  Conway,   of  Lancaster 

Samuel  Duvall 

John  Edloe 

Capt.  William  Evans,  of  Surrey 

Moore  Fauntleroy 

William  Fitzhugh,  of  "Chatham" 

John  Goode,  Sr.,  of  Mecklenburg 

John  Gower 

Roger  Gregory 

Benjamin  Grymes 

Capt.  Littleberry  Hardyman 

William  Hardyman 

Col.  James  Harris 

Capt.  Henry  Harrison 

Nathaniel   Harrison,  of   "Brandon" 

Charles  Jones 

Philip  Lee,  of  "Stratford" 

Richard  Lee 

Armistead  Lightfoot 

William  Lightfoot,   "Sandy  Point" 

James  Littlepage 

Daniel  McCarty,  of  "Popes  Creek" 

Mr.  Macklin 

Thomas  Mason,  of  Stafford 

Col.  John  Mercer 

Thomas  Minor,  of  Spots. 

Henry  Mitchell 

Major  John  Nelson 

Thomas  Nelson 

George  Nicholas 


io8  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Mann  Page,  of  "Rosewell" 

Samuel   Patton 

George  B.  Poindexter 

James  Pride 

Mr.  Procter 

Col.  Thomas  N.  Randolph 

Maximilian  Robinson 

Robert  Ruffin 

Samuel  Shaw 

Sir  Peyton  Skipwith 

Robert  Slaughter 

William  Smith 

Alexander  Spotswood 

Col.  John  Symmes 

Walker  Taliaferro 

Col.  John  Tayloe  II. 

Col.  Francis  Thornton 

Col.  Presley  Thornton 

Peter  Presley  Thornton 

Mr.  Turnbull 

Capt.  Thomas  Turpin 

John  Walker 

Nathaniel  Walthoe 

Col.  George  Washington 

Francis  Whiting 

Col.  John  Willis 

Wm.  O.  Winston 

Ralph  Wormeley,  of  "Rosegill" 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  lOQ 

Earliest  Virginia  Native-Bred  Horses 
Before  the  Revolution 


Actaeon,  America  (or,  Gift),  Americus,  Balloon,  Brim- 
mer, Centaur,  Childers  (several  of  the  name),  Claudius, 
Clipper,  Cripple,  Cub,  Damon,  Darius,  Diamond,  Flim- 
nap  (young),  Fowler,  Fuzzee,  Goliah,  Janus,  Junius,  Jupi- 
ter, Laburnum,  Laurel,  Lightfoot,  Macaroni,  Moggy  Chic- 
key,  Monarch,  Mount  Airy,  Nonpareil  (several  of  the 
name),  Orlando,  Oswald,  Othello,  Otter,  Pennsylvania 
Farmer,  Protector  (several  of  the  name),  Regulus,  Roscius, 
Sampson  (several  of  the  name),  Scudaway,  Shad,  Silvertail 
(several  of  the  name).  Snake,  Sober  John,  Sprightly,  States- 
man, Sultan,  Traveller  (several  of  the  name).  Union,  Vic- 
torious, Whitenose,  White  Stockings  (several  of  the  name), 
Wildair  and  Yorick. 


Earliest  Virginia  Native  Mares  Before 
the  Revolution^ 


Betsey  Pringle,  Brandon,  Camilla,  Crawford  mare. 
Ebony,  Fearnaught  mare  (several  of  the  name),  Helena, 
Indian  Queen,  Jenny  Cameron  (several  of  the  name).  Jolly 
Roger  mare  (several  of  the  name),  Kouli  Khan  mare.  Lady 
Thigh,  Lady  Willis  (or.  Little  Willis),  Lycurgus  mare, 
Maria,  Nancy  (several  of  the  name),  Nightingale,  Orange 
Girl,  Penelope,  Peru,  Poll  Flaxen,  Quaker  Lass,  Queen  of 
Sheba,  Sally  Wright,  Septima,  Silverlegs  mare,  Spot,  Stately 
(several  of  the  name),  Sukey  Paget,  and  Sweet  Mary. 


'The  produce  of  these  mares  may  be  found  by  referring  to 
these  names  in  the  Stud  Books. 


Horse-Racing  in  Colonial  Virginia 


The  inhabitants  of  colonial  Maryland  and 
Virginia  followed  the  fashions  of  the  "Mother 
Country",  England,  in  the  sports  of  the  turf 
as  they  did  in  other  respects.  Just  how  early 
regular  horse-racing  was  established  in  Vir- 
ginia can  not  be  exactly  ascertained.  For  our 
knowledge  of  the  earliest  period  of  colonial 
turf  activities  we  are  almost  entirely  dependent 
on  the  files  of  the  newspapers  of  those  times.  In 
the  case  of  Maryland  the  earliest  extant  copy  of 
the  Gazette  is  for  the  year  1745,  and  this  file 
contains  an  announcement  of  a  horse-race,  but  it 
is  not  an  important  item,  as  it  does  not  inform 
us  concerning  the  quality  of  the  racers. 

The  first  announcement  of  a  race  in  the  Vir- 
ginia Gazette  appears  in  the  issue  of  14th  De- 
cember 1739,  and  is  as  follows:  "There  was  a 
Horse  Race  round  the  Mile  Course  [at  Wil- 
liamsburg] the  First  Day  [of  the  Fair],  for  a 
Saddle  of  Forty  Shillings  Value.  Eight  Horses 
started,  by  sound  of  Trumpet;  and  Colonel 
Cheswell's  Horse  Edgecomb  came  in  First,  and 
won  the  Saddle;  Mr.  Cocke's  Horse  Singd  Cat 
came  in  Second,  and  won  the  Bridle  of  Twelve 
Shillings  Value;  and  Mr.  Drummond's  Horse 
came  in  Third  and  won  the  Whip." 


112  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Smyth,  who  travelled  in  America  in  1773, 
was  the  author  of  a  book  entitled  "A  Tour  in 
the  United  States  of  America",  published  at 
London  in  1787,  in  which  he  says: 

"There  are  races  at  Williamsburg  twice  a 
year;  that  is,  every  Spring  and  Fall,  or  Autumn. 
Adjoining  to  the  town  is  a  very  excellent  course, 
for  either  two,  three  or  four-mile  heats.  Their 
purses  are  generally  raised  by  subscription,  and 
are  gained  by  the  horse  that  wins  two  four-mile 
heats  out  of  three;  they  amount  to  an  hundred 
pounds  each  for  the  first  day's  running,  and 
fifty  pounds  each  every  day  after;  the  races  com- 
monly continuing  for  a  week. 

"There  are  also  matches  and  sweepstakes 
very  often,  for  considerable  sums.  Besides  these 
at  Williamsburg,  there  are  races  established  an- 
nually, almost  at  every  town  and  considerable 
place  in  Virginia,  and  frequent  matches,  on 
which  large  sums  of  money  depend;  the  in- 
habitants almost  to  a  man,  being  quite  devoted 
to  the  diversion  of  horse-racing. 

"Their  stock  is  from  Old  Cade,  Old  Crab, 
Old  Partner,  Regulus,  Babraham,  Bosphorus, 
Devonshire  Childers,  the  Cullen  Arabian,  etc., 
in  England;  and  a  horse  from  Arabia,  which 
was  imported  into  America  and  is  now  in  exist- 
ence [probably  Lindsay's  Arabian;  otherwise, 
Ranger']. 

"In  the  southern  part  of  the  Colony,  and  in 
North    Carolina,  they    are    much    attached    to 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  ilj 

quarter-racing,  which  is  always  a  match  between 
two  horses,  to  run  one  quarter  of  a  mile  straight 
out,  being  merely  an  exertion  of  speed;  and  they 
have  a  breed  that  perform  it  with  astonishing 
velocity,  beating  every  other  for  that  distance, 
with  great  ease;  but  they  have  no  bottom". 

Several  Jockey-Clubs  were  organized  in  Vir- 
ginia before  the  Revolution:  at  Petersburg, 
Fredericksburg,  Portsmouth,  Dumfries,  War- 
wick and  other  principal  towns.  Williamsburg 
was  a  great  sporting  center  from  the  earliest 
times,  and  one  of  the  first  races  of  which  we 
have  a  record  was  held  there  over  its  one  mile 
course  in  1739.  York,  Gloucester  and  Alex- 
andria also  had  famous  race-grounds,  and  there 
was  a  track  on  Pride's  race-course,  near  Peters- 
burg. Richmond  and  Port  Royal  also  had  their 
race-courses. 

Unfortunately  for  our  knowledge  of  this 
early  period,  the  files  of  the  Virginia  Gazette 
are  missing  for  a  considerable  period  (1740- 
1750),  and  of  the  extant  files  there  is  no  com- 
plete collection  in  any  one  place.  We  are  able 
to  glean  a  missing  item  here  and  there  relating 
to  colonial  Virginia  turf  activites  from  the  files 
of  the  old  Maryland  Gazette,  which  was  pub- 
lished at  Annapolis. 


Annals  oftheTuri  in  Colonial  Virginia 


1752 

In  December,  1752,  a  sweepstakes,  50  pistoles 
four  miles,  was  run  for  over  the  Gloucester 
course,  between  Colonel  Byrd's  Trial,  Colonel 
Tayloe's  imported  mare  Jenny  Cameron  and  his 
imported  horse  Childers,  Colonel  Thornton's 
mare  and  Colonel  Tasker's  imported  Selima 
(from  Maryland),  and  won  by  the  latter.  This 
was  the  beginning  of  the  remarkable  racing  con- 
tests between  the  rival  colonies  of  Maryland 
and  Virginia. 

1755 
In   March,    1755,   at  York,   a  purse  of   67 
pistoles,  four-mile  heats,  best  two  in  three,  was 
run  for;  weight,  135  pounds. 

1760 

In  April,  1760,  at  Warwick,  a  subscription 
purse  of  £50,  five  heats,  was  run  for,  and  the 
results  are  tabulated  in  the  following  summary: 

Hardyman's  sorrel  h.     Pilot    5 — 5 — i — O — ^ 

Randolph's  Fortunatus    6 — i — 2 — O — 2 

Braxton's  b.h.  Tryall    3—2—2 

Edloe's  Silvertail i — 3 — dr. 

Jones  b.h.  Page    2— 4— 4— dr. 

Turnbull's  bl.h.  Othello     4— dist. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  115 

The  first  heat  was  easy,  the  second  warmly 
disputed,  the  fourth  could  not  be  decided  and 
the  fifth  was  won  by  five  feet.  As  the  heats 
were  doubtless  four  miles,  this  was  a  remarkable 
race. 

1766 

In  April,  1766,  Colonel  Tayloe's  Traveller 
won  with  ease,  beating  Colonel  Lewis  Burwell's 
John  Dismal  and  Mr.  Francis  Whiting's  Janus. 

In  October,  Colonel  John  Tayloe's  Hero 
won  the  purse,  beating  Colonel  Byrd's  Trial, 
Valiant  and  Mr.  Richard  Lee's  Mark  Anthony. 

In  November,  at  Chestertown,  Maryland,  a 
purse  of  100  pistoles  was  run  for  by  the  two  most 
celebrated  horses  on  the  turf.  Colonel  Tayloe's 
Virginia  horse  Yorick  and  Sam  Galloway's 
Maryland  horse  Selim,  and  won  by  the  latter. 

1767 

In  May,  1767,  at  Annapolis,  the  50  pistoles 
purse,  two  heats,  was  run  for  by  four  horses,  and 
won  by  Colonel  Tayloe's  Traveller,  beating 
three  Maryland  horses;  namely,  Bullen's  Trial, 
Calvert's  Regulus  and  Dr.  Hamilton's  Ranger 
(distanced). 

1768 

In  the  Spring  of  1768,  the  Williamsburg 
purse  was  won  by  Captain  Littleberry  Hardy- 
man's  horse  Partner,  beating  Colonel  Richard 


Ii6  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Lee's  Mark  Anthony  (who  won  the  first  heat, 
but  broke  down  the  second) ,  Colonel  Lewis  Bur- 
well's  Remus  and  Armistead  Lightfoot's  Molly. 
In  the  Fall,  Colonel  Lewis  Burwell  won  the 
purse  with  Remus,  beating  with  ease  Mr.  Roger 
Gregory's  Dimple. 

In  the  Spring  of  1769,  Captain  Littleberry 
Hardyman  again  won  the  purse  with  Mark 
Anthony  (defeated  the  year  before),  beating 
Colonel  John  Tayloe's  Nonpareil  and  Nathaniel 
Walthoe's  Fanny  Murray. 

In  October,  at  Annapolis,  the  subscription 
purse  of  100  guineas,  three  heats,  was  run  for  by 
several  horses,  three  of  the  contestants  being 
from  Virginia;  namely,  Daniel  McCarty's 
chestnut  gelding  Volunteer,  Theodorick  Bland's 
black  horse  Brunswick  and  John  Tayloe's  brown 
horse  Juniper.  The  race  was  won  by  Volunteer 
who  beat  his  Maryland  competitors — Selim, 
Britannia,  Nonpareil  and  Paoli.  Brunswick 
and  Juniper  were  distanced  in  the  second  heat. 

The  following  day,  over  the  same  course, 
the  purse  of  £50,  three  heats,  was  won  by  Daniel 
McCarty's  Virginia  bay  Siherlegs,  beating 
Colonel  Tayloe's  Nonpareil  and  two  others.  Dr. 
Hamilton's -Rflw^^r  (distanced  the  3rd  heat)  and 
Dr.  Shuttleworth's  Trial  (distanced  the  2nd 
heat). 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  ll^J 

1770 

On  27th  September  1770,  the  Annapolis 
Jockey  Club  plate  of  100  guineas,  three  four- 
mile  heats,  weight  for  age,  was  won  by  Mc- 
Carty's  Silverlegs,  beating  Masters'  Blacklegs, 
Lloyd's  Nancy  By  well,  Sim's  Wildair  (dis- 
tanced), Sharpe's  Britannia  (distanced)  and 
Kden''s  Cook  Aglin  (distanced).  Silverlegs,  the 
winning  horse,  was  the  only  contestant  from  Vir- 
ginia. 
^  On  the  28th,  the  purse  of  £50,  heats  three 

1    miles,  was  won  by  Fitzhugh's  Virginia  horse 
Regulus,  distancing  four  others. 

1771 

In  May,  1771,  at  Upper  Marlborough, 
Maryland,  Fitzhugh's  bay  horse  Regulus  was 
again  a  successful  runner,  winning  the  first  day's 
purse  of  £50,  with  ease;  and  on  the  second  day, 
McCarty's  bay  horse  Silverlegs  carried  off  the 
prize  of  £30. 

In  September,  at  Annapolis,  two  Virginia 
horses,  Fitzhugh's  Regulus  and  Spotswood's 
Apollo  were  entered  against  four  others,  includ- 
ing the  famous  Maryland  horse  Selim,  and 
Regulus  came  in  second. 

1772 

In  October,  1772,  at  Annapolis,  there  were 
four  days  of  racing,  and  several  Virginia  horses 


Il8  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

were  entered;  namely,  Fitzhugh's  Regulus, 
Spotswood's  Apollo,  McCarty's  Achilles,  Fitz- 
hugh's Brilliant  and  Silverlegs.  On  the  first 
day,  Regulus  was  distanced  by  throwing  his 
rider;  he  was  near  the  foremost,  with  about  300 
yards  to  run.  On  the  second  day,  Achilles  came 
in  second;  on  the  third  day,  Brilliant  won  the 
heats,  and  on  the  fourth  he  was  badly  beaten. 

In  September,  1773,  at  Annapolis,  Fitz- 
hugh's grey  mare  Kitty  Fisher  won  the  first 
day's  race,  a  sweepstakes,  beating  two  other  com- 
petitors; on  the  second  day,  two  heats,  four 
miles,  Regulus  was  beaten  by  Lloyd's  Nancy 
Bywell  (who  won  the  100  guineas  purse),  Gal- 
loway's Lady  Legs  and  DeLancy's  New  York 
mare  Nettle;  Hamilton's  Harmony  and  Master's 
Kitty,  both  distanced.  On  the  third  day,  three 
heats,  three  miles,  three  Virginia  horses  were 
among  the  contestants;  namely,  Fauntleroy's 
Miss  Sprightly,  Slaughter's  Ariel  and  Warren's 
Pettycoatsloose.  The  race  was  won  by  Hamil- 
ton's bay  mare  Primrose.  On  the  fourth  day, 
three  heats,  two  miles,  Fitzhugh's  Kitty  Fisher 
won  over  five  Maryland  competitors,  and  on  the 
fifth  day  Regulus  was  a  successful  runner,  beat- 
ing Eden's  Why  Not,  DeLancy's  Nettle  and 
Nicholson's  Pacolet.  After  Regulus  had  won 
the  third  heat  the  bets  were  heavy  on  him  against 
the  field. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  lig 

This  was  a  very  successful  year  for  racing  in 
Virginia.  In  April,  a  match  for  lOo  guineas 
was  run  at  Fredericksburg,  between  Mann 
Page's  horse  Damon  and  Moore  Fauntleroy's 
mare  Miss  Sprightly,  and  won  with  great  ease 
by  the  former.  On  the  15th  of  the  same  month, 
at  the  same  place,  a  match  for  100  pistoles  was 
run  between  Maximilian  Robinson's  horse 
Roundhead  and  Moore  Fauntleroy's  mare  Miss 
Sprightly,  "the  heat  in  doubt  for  the  first  two 
miles,  but  on  the  third  the  horse  took  the  lead 
and  won  hollow." 

On  May  17th,  at  Port  Royal,  a  purse  of  50 
guineas  was  won  by  Moore  Fauntleroy's  Miss 
Alsop.  On  May  12th,  at  Richmond,  the  sub- 
scription purse  of  £75  was  run  for  and  was  won 
with  ease  by  William  Hardyman's  sorrel  mare, 
beating  J.  P.  Farley's  mare  and  Halcott  Price's 
mare. 

On  May  29th,  at  Fredericksburg,  the  May 
Fair  purse  of  £50  was  won  at  two  four-mile 
heats,  by  Moore  Fauntleroy's  bay  mare  Miss 
Alsop,  beating  William  Fitzhugh's  (of  "Chat- 
ham") grey  mare  Kitty  Fisher;  and  on  the  next 
day  Alexander  Spotswood's  Fearnaught  beat  at 
three  heats  Mr.  Procter's  mare,  who  won  the 
first.^ 


^The  weights  advertised  for  these  races  at  Fredericksburg 
were  3  years,  96  lbs.;  4  years,  108  lbs.;  5  years,  120  lbs.;  6  years, 
132  lbs. ;   aged,   140  lbs. 


120  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

In  the  Fall  of  this  year,  at  Portsmouth,  the 
100  guineas  purse  was  run  for,  which  was  won 
after  a  hard  struggle  by  Moore  Fauntleroy's 
Miss  Alsop. 

At  Fredericksburg,  the  first  day's  purse, 
Jockey  Club  plate,  loo  guineas,  heats  four  miles, 
open  to  members  only,  was  won  by  William 
Fitzhugh's  Regulus,  140  pounds  wt.,  who  won 
the  second  and  third  heats,  beating  Alexander 
Spotswood's  Eclipse,  108  pounds  wt.,  (who  won 
the  first  heat),  Mann  Page's  Damon,  108 
pounds,  William  Brent's  Figure,  122  pounds, 
William  Fitzhugh's  Master  Stephen,  132 
pounds,  and  Moore  Fauntleroy's  Faithful  Shep- 
herdess. 

On  the  second  day,  a  purse  of  £50,  four-mile 
heats,  was  won  by  John  Tayloe's  Single  Peeper, 
122  pounds  wt.,  beating  Benjamin  Grymes'  Miss 
Spot,  Walker  Taliaferro's  Valiant,  Spotswood's 
Fearnaught,  Charles  Jones'  Regulus,  Procter's 
Jenny  Bottom,  Robert  Slaughter's  Ariel  and 
Peter  Presley  Thornton's  Ariel. 

On  the  third  day,  the  "Town  Purse",  four- 
mile  heats,  was  won  by  William  Fitzhugh's  Kit- 
ty Fisher,  who  won  the  second  and  third  heats, 
beating  Mann  Page's  Damon  (who  won  the 
first),  Procter's  Whitefoot,  Fauntleroy's  Shep- 
herdess and  William  Smith's  Why  Not. 

On  the  fourth  day,  was  the  "Town  and 
County  Purse",  four-mile  heats,  of  which  a  sum- 
mary follows : 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 


121 


William  Fitzhugh's  ch.g.  Volunteer  140  lbs.  4 — 4 — I — I 
Peter  Conway's  gr.m.  Mary  Gray  122  lbs.  i — 3 — dist. 
Alex.  Spotswood's  ch.g.  Stirling  122  lbs.  3 — I — 2 — 2 
Thomas  Minor's  s.h.         Fear  naught  140  lbs. 

2 — 2 — 3 — dist. 
Robt.  Slaughter's  bl.h.      Ariel  132  lbs.   .  .  .    dist. 

The  colonial  period  of  the  turf  in  Virginia 
closed  with  these  races,  and  horse-racing  was 
suspended  until  after  the  Revolution.  During 
the  period  we  have  had  under  consideration, 
races  were  run  at  or  near  Alexandria,  Dumfries, 
Fredericksburg,  Gloucester,  Petersburg,  Port 
Royal,  Portsmouth,  Richmond,  Warwick,  Wil- 
liamsburg and  York.  The  sports  of  the  Turf, 
however,  were  not  limited  to  these  localities,  but 
extended  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of 
the  "Old  Dominion." 


List  of  Virginia  Sportsmen  and  Their  Horses 
That  Competed  on  the  Turf 


1739-1775. 

(*  indicates  imported  horse) 

Baylor 

Lovely 

Bland 

Brunswick 

Braxton 

Trial 

Brent 

Figure 

Burwell 

John  Dismal,  Remus 

Byrd 

Trial,  Valiant 

Cheswell 

Edgecomb 

122 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 


Cocke 
Conway 
Edloe 
Fauntleroy 

FiTZHUGH 

Gregory 
Grymes 
Hardyman 
Jones 

Lee 

LiGHTFOOT 

McCarty 

Minor 

Page 

Procter 

Randolph 

Robinson 

Slaughter 

Smith 

Spotswood 

Taliaferro 

Tayloe 


Thornton 

Turnbull 
Walthoe 
Warren 
Whiting 


Singed  Cat 

Mary  Gray 

Silvertail 

Faithful    Shepherdess,    Miss    Alsop,    Miss 

Sprightly 
Brilliant,    Kitty    Fisher*,    Master    Stephen, 

Regains,  Silverlegs,    Volunteer 
Dimple 
Miss  Spot 

Mark  Anthony,  Partner,  Pilot 
Page,   Regulus 
Mark  Anthony 
Molly 

Achilles,  Silverlegs,   Volunteer 
Fearnaught 
Damon 

Jenny  Bottom,  Whitefoot 
Fortunatus 
Roundhead 
Ariel 

Why  Not 

Apollo,  Eclipse,  Fearnaught,  Stirling 
Valiant 
Childers*,  Hero,  Jenny  Cameron* ,  Juniper, 

Nonpareil,      Single      Peeper,      Traveller, 

Yorick 
Ariel 
Othello 

Fanny  Murray 
Pettycoatsloose 
Janus 


Appendix  to  Virginia  Turf  Section 

Alphabetical  List  of  Horses  Mentioned; 

with  owners''  Names  and 

Pedigrees  of  Horses. 

(The  asterisk  indicates  imported  horse,  etc.) 

Achilles — {Daniel  McCarty's). 
Raced   1772.     Bay  horse. 

Apollo — (Alex.  Spotswood's). 

Raced  1771,  1772.  Dark  bay  horse,  nearly  16 
hands  high.  Foaled  1767,  by  imported  Fear- 
naught  out  of  "English  John"  Bland's  imported 
Duchess  (by  the  Cullen  Arabian).  The  dam 
of  Duchess  was  Grisewood's  Lady  Thigh  (by 
Partner). 

Ariel — (Robt.  Slaughter's) 

Raced   1773,   1774.     Black  horse, 

Ariel — (Peter  Presley    Thornton  s) 
Raced  1774. 

Brilliant — (William  Fitzhugh's) . 

Raced  1772.  Bay  horse.  Son  of  imported 
Fearnought  out  of  Little  Willis  (by  imported 
Janus);  granddam  by  imported  Jolly  Roger. 
There  was  a  Brilliant  colt  foaled  before  1773, 
by  Burwell's  Traveller  out  of  Camilla. 

Brunswick — (Theodorick  Bland's). 

Raced  1769.  Black  horse.  A  Brunswick  was 
begot  by  Oroonoko  (son  of  Crab)  ;  his  dam  by 
Babraham. 


124  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

*Childers — (John  Tayloe's). 

Raced  1752.  Bay  horse,  imported  about  1751, 
by  Colonel  John  Tayloe,  Sr.,  and  stood  in  Staf- 
ford County,  Virginia,  in  1759.  Son  of  Blaze 
(son  of  the  Devonshire  Childers)  ;  his  dam  by 
old  Fox;  his  granddam  by  Bald  Galloway. 

Damon — (Mann  Page's). 

Raced  1774.  Chestnut  horse,  bred  and  owned 
by  Mann  Page,  Jr.  Foaled  1767,  by  imported 
Fearnaught;  his  dam  by  imported  Sprightly; 
his  granddam  by  imported  Jolly  Roger. 

Dimple — {Roger  Gregory's). 
Raced  1768. 

Eclipse — {Alex.  Spotswood's). 
Raced  1774. 

Edgecomb — (Colonel  Cheswell's). 
Raced  1739. 

Faithful  Shepherdess — (Moore  Fauntleroy's). 
Raced  1774. 

Fanny  Murray — (Nathaniel  Walthoe's). 
Raced  1769. 

Fearnaught — (Thomas  Minor's). 

Raced    1774.     Sorrel   horse. 

Fearnaught — (Alex.  Spotswood's). 
Raced  1774. 

Figure — (William  Brent's). 
Raced  1774. 

Fortunatus — (Thomas  N.  Randolph's). 
Raced  1760. 

Hero — {John  Tayloe's). 
Raced  1766. 


k 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  125 

Janus — (Francis  Whiting's). 
Raced  1766. 

Jenny  Bottom — (Procters). 
Raced  1774. 

*Jenny  Cameron — (John   Tayloe's). 

Raced  1752.  Imported  by  Colonel  John  Tay- 
loe,  of  Va.  Son  of  Cuddy  (a  son  of  old  Fox) 
out  of  Miss  Belvoir  (by  Grey  Grantham)  ; 
her  granddam  by  Paget  Turk;  her  great  grand- 
dam  Betty  Percival  (by  Leedes'  Arabian).  A 
certificate  of  Colonel  Tayloe's  in  1773,  makes 
this  mare  by  Witty's  famous  mare  Cabbage-wise, 
but  the  statement  can  not  be  substantiated  in 
the  E.S.B. 

John  Dismal — {Lewis  Burwell's). 

Raced  1766.  Son  of  imported  Sober  John 
(foaled  1748)  out  of  imported  Jenny  Dismal, 
both  imported  by  Colonel  John  Baylor,  of  Vir- 
ginia. 

Juniper — (John  Tayloe's). 

Raced  1769.  Also  called  Little  Juniper. 
Foaled  1762,  by  imported  Juniper  (foaled  1752 
by  Babraham,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian, 
out  of  Aura,  daughter  of  the  Stamford  Turk). 
The  Little  Juniper  s  dam  was  Tasker's  im- 
ported Selima,  daughter  of  the  Godolphin 
Arabian  out  of  the  Large  Hartley  mare. 

*KiTTY  Fisher — (William  Fitzhugh's). 

Raced  1773,  1774.  Grey  mare,  imported. 
Daughter  of  imported  Fearnought  out  of  im- 
ported Kitty  Fisher  (by  Cade,  a  son  of  the 
Godolphin  Arabian). 

Lovely — {John  Baylors). 

Raced    1771.     Bay  mare. 


126  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Mark  Anthony — (Littleberry   Hardymans). 

Raced    1769.     Same  as  Lee's  Mark  Anthony. 

Mark  Anthony — (Richard  Lee's). 

Raced  1766,  1768.  Black  horse,  over  15  hands. 
Foaled  at  James  River,  Virginia,  in  1763,  by 
Partner  (foaled  1755,  son  of  imported  Travel- 
ler out  of  imported  Selima)  ;  his  dam  Septima 
(by  imported  Othello  out  of  imported  Moll 
Brazen).     He  died  1795  in  N.  C. 

Mary  Gray — (Peter  Conway's). 

Raced  1774.     Grey  mare. 

Master  Stephen — (William  Fitzhugh's). 

Raced  1774.  A  Master  Stephen,  otherwise 
called  Bonny  Face,  bay  horse,  imported,  was 
foaled  1768  by  a  son  of  Regulus;  his  dam  the 
Fen  mare  by  Hutton's  Royal  colt. 

Miss  Alsop — (Moore  Fauntleroy's). 
Raced  1774. 

Miss  Spot — (Benjamin  Grymes'). 
Raced    1774. 

Miss   Sprightly — (Moore  Fauntleroy's). 
Raced    1773,    1774.     Bay  mare. 

Molly — (Armistead  Lightfoot's) . 
Raced  1768. 

Nonpareil — (John  Tayloe's). 

Raced  1769.  Dark  bay  horse,  15  hands  and  i 
inch.  Son  of  Nonpareil  (son  of  Morton's  im- 
ported Traveller)  out  of  Blazella  (by  English 
Blaze  out  of  imported  Jenny  Cameron). 

Othello — (Turnbull's) . 

Raced   1760.     Black  horse. 

Page — {Charles  Jones'). 

Raced  1760.     Bay  horse. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  127 

Partner — (Littleberry  Hardyman's). 
Raced  1768. 

Petticoatsloose — (Warren  s) . 

Raced  1773.     Black  mare. 

Pilot — (Littleberry  Hardyman's) . 

Raced  1760.     Sorrel  horse. 

Regulus — (William  Fitzhugh's) . 

Raced  1770,  1771,  1772,  1773,  1774.  Bay 
horse,  about  15  hands,  bred  by  Colonel  John 
Baylor  of  Virginia.  Got  by  imported  Fear- 
naught  (son  of  Martindale's  Regulus,  a  son  of 
the  Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  imported  Jenny 
Dismal  (by  old  Dismal,  a  son  of  the  Godolphin 
Arabian) . 

Regulus — (Charles  Jones'). 

Raced  1774.  There  was  a  Regulus,  foaled  1764 
by  imported  Silver  eye;  his  dam  by  imported 
Valiant;  his  granddam  by  imported  Jolly  Roger. 
He  stood  in  York  County,  Virginia,  in  1770. 

Remus — (Leivis  Burwell's). 
Raced  1768. 

Roundhead — {Maximilian  Robinson's). 
Raced  1774. 

Silverlegs — {Daniel  McCarty's). 

Raced  1769,  1770,  1771.  Bay  horse,  son  of 
Morton's  imported  Traveller  out  of  Tayloe's 
imported  Jenny  Cameron. 

Silverlegs — (William  Fitzhugh's) . 

Raced  1772.  Bay  horse,  foaled  1763.  Prob- 
ably, same  as  the  preceding. 

SiLVERTAlL — (John  Edloe's). 
Raced  1760. 


128  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Singed  Cat — (Brazure?  Cocke's). 
Raced  1739. 

Single  Peeper — (John  Tayloe's). 
Raced  1774. 

Stirling — (Alex.  Spotswood's). 

Raced   1774.     Chestnut  gelding. 

Traveller —  (Jo  h  n   Tay  he's) . 

Raced  1766,  1767.  Got  by  Morton's  imported 
Traveller  out  of  Ta5doe's  imported  Jenny 
Cameron. 

Trial — (Carter   Braxton  s). 
Raced  1760. 

Trial —  (  William  By  rd's) . 

Raced  1752,  1766. 

Valiant —  (  William  By  rd's) . 
Raced  1766. 

Valiant —  ( Walker  Taliaferro's ) . 
Raced  1774. 

Volunteer — (William  Fitzhugh's). 

Raced   1774.     Chestnut  gelding. 

Volunteer — {Daniel  McCarty's). 

Raced   1769.     Chestnut  gelding. 

Whitefoot — (Procter's). 
Raced  1774. 

Why  Not — (William  Smith's). 
Raced  1774. 

YoRiCK — (John   Tayloe's). 

Raced  1766.  Chestnut  horse,  15  hands  and  2 
inches.  Son  of  Morton's  imported  Traveller 
out  of  imported  Blazella  (by  Blaze,  a  son  of 
Flying  Childers).  The  dam  of  Blazella  was 
Tayloe's  imported  Jenny  Cameron. 


c    00 
CD  r^ 


The  Sports  of  the  Turf  in  the  Carolinas 


The  Sports  of  the  Turf  in  the  Carolinas 


From  Maryland  and  Virginia  the  fever  for 
importing,  breeding  and  matching  of  blooded 
horses  on  the  turf  extended  into  the  Carolinas. 
The  sportsmen  of  these  latter  Provinces,  and  of 
South  Carolina  in  particular,  were  influenced 
to  import  the  English  thoroughbred  horse  by 
the  importations  that  had  been  going  on  for 
some  years  before  in  Maryland  and  Virginia. 

Prior  to  1754,  not  many  imported  horses  had 
been  brought  into  the  Carolinas,  the  most  re- 
garded horse  in  that  section  having  been  what 
was  known  as  the  Chickashaw  breed,  a  general 
utility  animal  originally  introduced  into  Flori- 
da by  the  early  Spanish  discoverers.  This 
horse  was  of  small  size  but  well  formed  and 
active,  and  when  covered  with  imported  thor- 
oughbreds produced  animals  of  great  beauty, 
strength  and  speed. 

'Before  the  Revolution,  however,  a  consider- 
able number  of  fine  horses  and  mares  were  im- 
ported into  South  Carolina,  of  which  the  follow- 
ing list  may  be  given  as  interesting: 

Antaeus,  Babraham,  Borrock  Billy,  Bosphorus,  Brutus, 
Cade,  Centinel,  Fallower,  Flimnap,  Friar,  Lofty,  Mask, 
Matchem,  Matchless,  Moro,  Nonpareil,  Oroonoko,  Pam, 
Pharaoh,    Prince,    Skim,    Slouch,    Snap,    Snipe,    Sportsman, 


7J2  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Sprightly,  Starling  and  Tarquin  were  the  horses;  while 
Abdallah  (Arab),  Creeping  Kate  (Spanish),  Duchess  and 
Turpin  were  the  mares.  South  Carolina  purchased  and 
transferred  many  horses. 

Flimnap,  Sweeper  and  Toby,  all  horses  held  in  high 
estimation  at  the  time,  were  imported  into  the  Carolinas 
between  the  years  1760  and  1772.  Flimnap,  a  bay  horse, 
14  hands  and  i  inch,  was  bred  by  Sir  J.  Moore,  and  im- 
ported about  1772  into  South  Carolina  by  Mr.  Mansell. 
He  was  foaled  in  1765,  by  South  (a  son  of  Regulus,  son  of 
the  Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  a  dam  by  Cygnet  (son  of 
the  Godolphin).  Though  small,  Flimnap  was  strong  and 
hardy  and  a  horse  of  much  celebrity,  and  his  blood  served  to 
enrich  our  stock. 

Nonpareil,  imported  into  South  Carolina  in  1762,  was 
a  quite  famous  horse.  He  stood  the  year  of  his  importation 
at  Mr.  Frank  Huger's,  in  St.  John's  Parish,  at  £20.  Skim, 
imported  in  1760,  was  a  successful  racer,  and  stood  at  Mr. 
John  Myrant's,  on  the  Santee,  at  £20.  He  was  foaled  in 
1755)  by  the  Cullen  Arabian. 

South  Carolina  also  produced  some  good  na- 
tive-bred stock.  Noble,  by  imported  Brutus 
out  of  an  imported  dam  by  Squirt,  his  5th  dam 
by  the  Darley  Arabian,  was  bred  in  South  Caro- 
lina and  ran  successfully  up  to  the  year  1767. 
There  was,  prior  to  the  Civil  War,  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Matthews  family  a  tankard  won  by 
him. 

Dr.  Daniel  Ravenel  bred  at  his  plantation 
called  "Wantoot,"  in  St.  John's  Parish,  many 
fine  horses.  He  commenced  as  early  as  1761, 
and  kept  up  his  breeding  establishment  on  a  very 
extensive  scale  to  the  year  1785.     His  principal 


Blooded  Horses  of   Colonial  Days  133 

brood-mares  were  Grey  Pleasant,  Moll  Slamer- 
kin,  Lucretia  and  Rose;  his  most  distinguished 
colts  and  fillies  were  Foxhunter  foaled  1767  out 
of  Grey  Pleasant,  by  Edward  Harleston's  bay 
horse  Prince,  who  was  got  by  William  Middle- 
ton's  bay  horse  Spotless.  Also,  a  bay  filly  called 
Carolina  foaled  1768  out  of  Moll  Slamerkin,  by 
old  Brutus,  and  a  bay  filly  called  Lucy  foaled 
1773  out  of  Rose,  by  Friar  (imported). 

Mr.  Frank  Huger,  who  lived  in  the  same 
Parish  as  Dr.  Ravenel,  also  owned  many  fine 
horses.  To  these  we  may  add  as  holding  a  place 
among  South  Carolina's  importers,  horse- 
breeders  or  sportsmen  of  the  colonial  period,  the 
names  of  Boone,  Churchill,  Drayton,  Fenwick, 
Gibbes,  Harleston,  Izard,  Mansell,  Middleton, 
Moultrie,  Myrant,  Nightingale,  Parker  and 
Williamson. 

The  racing  spirit  appeared  very  early  in  South 
Carolina,  and  it  is  claimed  that  the  first  "jockey- 
club"  established  in  the  world  was  the  one  at 
Charleston,  which  was  in  existence  in  1734. 
Charleston  for  many  years  before  the  Revolu- 
tion was  a  great  racing  center  and  horses  were 
matched  against  one  another  as  far  back  as  1734; 
but  the  contests  were  not  of  a  character  to  ex- 
ercise much  influence  upon  the  matter  of  breed- 
ing. 

The  earliest  record  that  exists  of  any  public 
running  appears  in  the  South  Carolina  Gazette 


134  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

of  February  ist,  1734.  This  race  was  called  for 
the  first  Tuesday  in  February,  1734;  the  prize 
being  a  saddle  and  a  bridle:  mile  heats,  four 
entries:  the  horses  to  carry  10  stone,  and  white 
riders  stipulated.  The  race  took  place  on  a 
green  on  Charleston  Neck,  opposite  a  public 
house  then  known  as  the  Bowling  Green  House. 

In  1735,  the  newspapers  advertised  a  purse  of 
£100,  to  be  run  for  on  a  course  laid  out  at  the 
Quarter  House,  to  which  the  name  of  "The 
York  Course"  was  given,  on  which  racing  was 
continued  from  year  to  year,  either  in  February 
or  the  beginning  of  March;  the  prize  generally 
a  silver  bowl,  or  a  silver  waiter,  or  a  silver  tank- 
ard of  about  £100  value,  in  currency,  the  riders 
never  carrying  less  than  10  stone. 

In  March,  1743,  a  gold  watch  valued  at  £140, 
was  run  for;  and  in  February,  1744,  over  the 
same  course,  a  finely  embroidered  jacket  of  £90 
value  was  the  prize.  In  this  latrer  race,  ecich 
man  rode  his  adversary's  horse,  and  the  one  who 
came  in  last  took  the  jacket. 

In  March  1747,  racing  was  held  on  the  Ponds' 
old  field,  near  Dorchester,  where  the  sports  of 
turf  continued  for  a  few  years. 

In  consequence  of  the  inconvenient  distance 
of  "The  York  Course"  from  Charleston,  and 
with  a  view  to  still  further  encourage  and  im- 
prove the  breed  of  good  horses,  it  was  deemed 
advisable  to  establish  a  new  course  nearer  town, 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  IJ^ 

which  was  accomplished  by  subscription  in  1754. 
A  course  was  accordingly  laid  out  about  a  mile 
from  the  town  and  called  "The  New  Market 
Course."  It  was  situated  on  the  common  on 
Charleston  Neck,  generally  known  as  "Blake's 
Tract."  Thomas  Nightingale,  a  native  of  York- 
shire, held  a  lease  of  the  property,  on  which  he 
laid  out  the  New  Market  Course,  until  the  year 
1770,  when  he  assigned  it  to  a  Mr.  Strickland, 
under  whose  name  the  course  was  known  during 
the  latter's  management  of  it. 

On  19th  February  1760,  the  first  race  over 
the  New  Market  Course  was  run,  and  from  this 
year  an  increased  spirit  was  manifested  in  the 
sports  of  the  turf  in  South  Carolina.  In  March, 
1768,  races  were  run  at  Jacksonborough;  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1769,  at  Ferguson's  Ferry;  in  March  of 
the  same  year  there  were  races  at  Beaufort,  and 
soon  after  they  were  in  successful  operation  at 
Childsbury,  or  Strawberry,  in  St.  John's  Parish, 
at  which  latter  place  Mr.  Daniel  Ravenel  and 
the  Harlestons  took  an  active  part  in  keeping  up 
the  sport. 

On  31st  January  1769,  the  first  race  in  South 
Carolina  to  produce  unusual  excitement  was  run 
between  William  Henry  Drayton's  roan  horse 
Adolphus  (six  years  old),  by  Brutus,  and  bred 
in  Carolina,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Nightingale's  im- 
ported bay  horse  Shadow  (aged) ,  by  Babraham, 
carrying  nine  stone  each,  four-mile  heats,  over 


136  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

the  New  Market  course.  The  excitement  at- 
tending this  race  was  occasioned  by  the  fact  that 
it  was  the  first  match  between  an  imported  and 
a  native-bred  horse.  Shadow  won  both  heats 
easily  in  8  minutes  and  ^o  seconds;  odds  at  start- 
ing three  to  one  on  the  winner. 

Shadow  covered  twenty  mares  in  the  Spring 
of  1769,  at  £5  sterling.  He  stood  at  Walnut 
Hill,  near  Dorchester,  and  afterward  was  re- 
moved to  Colonel  Singleton's  plantation  at  Goose 
Creek  where  he  remained  until  the  season  of 
1771.  In  March  of  this  latter  year  there  were 
races  at  Chulifinny. 

Josiah  Quincy,  who  visited  Charleston  in 
1773,  made  a  brief  note  in  his  Journal :  "March 
16 —  Spent  the  morning,  ever  since  five  o'clock, 
in  perusing  the  public  records  of  the  Province, 
etc. ;  am  now  going  to  the  famous  races.  The 
races  well  performed;  but  Flimnap  beat  Little 
David  (who  had  won  the  last  sixteen  races)  out 
and  out.  The  last  heat  the  former  distanced 
the  latter.  The  first  four-mile  heat  was  per- 
formed in  eight  minutes  and  seventeen  seconds, 
being  four  miles.  £2000  were  won  and  lost  at 
this  race,  and  Flimnap  sold  at  public  vendue 
the  same  day  for  £300  sterling.  At  the  races  I 
saw  a  fine  collection  of  excellent  though  very 
high  priced  horses,  and  was  let  a  little  into  the 
singular  art  and  mystery  of  the    turf." 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  137 

When  South  Carolina  was  invaded  by  the 
forces  of  Cornwallis,  frequent  attempts  were 
made  to  capture  from  the  farm  of  Major  Harles- 
ton,  Flimnap  as  a  prize,  for  the  fame  of  the 
horse  had  spread  throughout  the  two  armies. 
He  was  eventually  sent  into  North  Carolina, 
where  he  remained  until  the  British  soldiers 
were  withdrawn  from  the  other  Carolina.  Many 
pedigrees  of  the  best  horses  in  America  trace 
back  to  this  sturdy  little  horse. 

The  most  distinguished  running  horses  in  the 
infancy  of  the  turf  in  Carolina  were  Shadow, 
Centinel,  Borrock  Billy,  Young  Brutus,  Babra- 
ham,  Skim,  Noble  and  Flag-o'-Truce. 

At  the  close  of  the  Revolution  a  new  impulse 
was  given  the  sports  of  the  turf.  Among  the 
gentlemen  of  South  Carolina  who  now  took  an 
active  interest  in  racing  were  General  Wade 
Hampton,  Colonel  William  Alston,  Colonel 
William  Washington,  Colonel  McPherson,  Ma- 
jor Thompson,  Messrs.  Sumter,  Fenwick,  Wig- 
fall,  William  Moultrie  and  Singleton. 


rj8  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

North  Carolina  also  introduced  some  valuable 
horses  before  the  Revolution: 

Partner  (Moore's),  a  bay  horse,  bred  by  the  Duke  oi 
Bolton,  was  imported  in  1766.  He  was  foaled  by  Partner; 
his  dam  a  sister  to  Starling  (by  Bay  Bolton)  ;  his  granddara 
by  a  son  of  the  Brownlow  Turk. 

Sweeper,  a  black  horse,  was  imported  and  stood  in  North 
Carolina.  He  was  foaled  in  1751,  by  Sloe;  his  dam  by 
Mogul  (a  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian)  ;  his  granddam  by 
Partner;  his  great  granddam  by  Coneyskins. 

Toby,  also  called  Sporting  Toby,  a  chestnut  horse,  14^^ 
hands,  was  imported  into  North  Carolina  and  owned  by 
Colonel  William  Alston,  of  racing  celebrity.  Toby  was 
a  son  of  Janus;  his  dam  by  Fox;  his  granddam  by  the  Bald 
Galloway. 

In  North  Carolina  the  stock  was  largely  na- 
tive-bred. Clattaux,  Comus,  David,  Deer  Legs, 
Fortunatus,  Janus  (crippled),  Lightfoot,  Mark 
Anthony  (Whittaker's)  and  Monkey  w^ere  the 
horses;  Deer  Legs,  Fancy,  Fearnaught  mare, 
Hebe,  Hob  or  Nobby,  Lucy  Pride,  Nancy  Wil- 
lis, Silverlegs,  Slow  and  Easy,  Squaw,  and 
Switch,  were  the  mares. 

The  colonial  importers,  horse-breeders  and 
sportsmen  in  North  Carolina  were  Alston, 
Browne,  Chambers,  Coudins,  Crawford,  Floyd, 
Gould,  Johnson  (Gov.),  Jones,  Pope,  Puckett, 
Taylor  and  Whittaker. 

Races  were  held  at  Wilmington  before  the 
Revolution.     A  letter  dated  at  Wilmington,  26th 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  IJQ 

November  1774,  reads:  "The  Continental  Con- 
gress lately  held  at  Philadelphia,  representing 
the  several  American  colonies  from  Nova  Scotia 
to  Georgia,  associated  and  agreed  among  other 
things,  for  themselves  and  their  constituents,  to 
'discontinue  and  discourage  every  species  of  ex- 
travagance and  dissipation,  especially  all  horse- 
racing,  and  all  kinds  of  gaming,  cock-fighting, 
exhibitions  of  shows  and  plays  and  other  expen- 
sive diversions  and  entertainments,' "  etc.  A 
warning  was  posted  forbidding  the  horse-races 
advertised  to  be  held  at  Wilmington  on  Novem- 
ber the  28th. 

The  ban  placed  upon  the  sports  of  the  turf  and 
other  diversions,  however,  was  lifted  after  the 
war  and  horse-racing  was  revived  with  demon- 
strations of  increased  interest  which  was  shared 
by  the  most  distinguished  and  reputable  citizens 
of  the  country. 


The  Thoroughbred  Horse 

in  Colonial  New  York,  Pennsylvania 

andN^-w  England 


r^. 


The  Thoroughbred  Horse  in 
Provincial  New  York 


In  1625,  Hon.  Pieter  Evertsen  Hulst  agreed 
to  ship,  at  his  own  risk,  for  the  Directors  of  the 
Dutch  West  India  Company,  one  hundred  head 
of  cattle,  including  stallions,  mares,  steers  and 
cows  for  breeding;  besides  all  the  hogs  and  sheep 
deemed  requisite.  Pursuant  to  this  agreement, 
three  vessels  were  prepared;  one  carrying  horses, 
another  cows  and  the  third  hay.  "Each  animal 
had  its  own  stall,  with  a  floor  of  three  feet  sand," 
was  well  attended  and  provided  with  abundance 
of  water  and  forage.  Only  two  died  on  the 
voyage  out.  The  horses  referred  to  were  prob- 
ably of  the  Flanders  breed,  of  which  few  traces 
are  said  to  exist  unless  it  be  the  Conestoga  horse 
of  Pennsylvania. 

With  the  vessels  mentioned,  went  six  families 
of  Walloons  and  some  freemen,  forty-five  settlers 
in  all,  to  establish  a  settlement  on  Manhattan 
Island,  under  the  new  Director,  Willem  Ver- 
hulst,  successor  to  Cornells  May,  the  Company's 
Director  in  1624. 

There  were  subsequent  importations  into  the 
New  Netherlands  under  the  administration  of 
Governor  Wouter  Van  Twiller,  between  1633 


144  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

and  1638.  Father  Isaac  Jogues,  a  Jesuit  mis- 
sionary in  Central  New  York  in  1644,  informs 
us  "that  when  anyone  was  desirous  of  settling  in 
the  Novum  Belgium,  he  was  loaned  horses,  cows, 
etc.,  and  given  a  certain  quantity  of  provisions, 
which  he  repaid  at  his  own  convenience.  The 
same  authority  says  that  at  Rensselaerwick  on 
the  Nassau  or  North  River,  the  people  had  a 
great  stock  of  horses." 

Six  years  later,  Cornelis  Van  Tienhoven, 
Secretary  of  the  Province,  states  that  a  young 
mare  with  her  second  or  third  foal  was  worth 
150  to  160  florins  ($60)  and  a  four  or  five  year 
old  stallion  130  florins.  Arnoldus  Montanus,  in 
his  "Description  of  the  New  Netherlands,"  pub- 
lished at  Amsterdam  in  1671,  says:  "The  horses 
are  brought  from  England  or  from  the  diocese 
of  Utrecht,  the  latter  excelling  the  English." 

From  the  foregoing,  it  is  evident  that  fre- 
quent importations  of  horses  were  made  into 
New  York  at  an  early  period,  but  it  is  believed 
without  any  particular  reference  to  blood.  For 
some  time  prior  to  the  American  Revolution, 
however,  a  spirit  of  emulation  existed  and  the 
thoroughbred  horse  became  an  object  of  interest. 

"Among  the  earliest  of  our  importations 
which  laid  a  foundation  broad  and  deep  of  the 
racing  stock  of  the  North,"  were  the  following: 

Wildair,  a  bay  horse,  bred  by  Mr,  Swinburne,  and  im- 
ported into  New  York  about  1763  by  Colonel  James  Dc- 
Lancy,  of  King's  Bridge.    This  horse  was  foaled  in  1753  by 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  145 

Cade  (son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian)  out  of  a  dam  by 
Steady  (son  of  Flying  Childers) .  His  seventh  dam  was  a 
daughter  of  Place's  IVhite  Turk.  So  valuable  a  horse  was 
he  that  he  was  repurchased  and  shipped  back  to  England 
about  1773,  where  he  was  let  out  at  40  guineas  a  head. 
JVildair  was  sire  to  Colonel  Sim's  Maryland  horse,  Wildair, 
to  DeLancy's  Sultana,  and  others. 

The  Cub  mare,  imported  by  Colonel  DeLancy  about  the 
same  time  as  Wildair.  She  was  bred  by  Mr,  Leedes,  and 
was  one  lof  the  most  valuable  mares  ever  brought  to  this 
country,  many  of  the  best  horses  in  America  tracing  to 
her  either  on  the  dam  or  the  sire's  side.  She  was  foaled 
in  1762,  by  Cub  out  of  the  Aratnanthus  dam  (by  Second); 
her  seventh  dam  by  Place's  White  Turk;  her  eighth  dam 
by  Dodsworth. 

Sloven,   a   black   horse,    16    hands,    imported    into  New 

York  in   1764  or   1765.     He  was  foaled  in   1756  by  Cub; 

his  dam  by  the  Bolton  Starling;  his  granddam  by  the  God- 
olphin Arabian.. 

Lath,  a  bay  horse,  15^  hands,  bred  by  Mr.  Vernon  and 
imported  by  Colonel  DeLancy  in  1768.  In  that  year  he 
won  the  fifty  pounds  weight  for  age  plate  at  New  Market, 
Long  Island.  In  1769  he  won  the  Jockey  Club  purse  of 
£100  at  Philadelphia,  beating  the  best  horses  from  the 
South.  In  1770  he  won  again  the  iioo  at  the  same  place 
and  in  1771  came  in  winner  at  New  Market,  Long  Island. 
Lath  was  foaled  in  1763,  by  Shepherd's  Crab,  son  of  old 
Crab;  his  dam  by  Lath,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian: 
his  granddam  by  Flying  Childers. 

Other  early  thoroughbred  importations  into 
New  York  were: 

Black  Prince,  bred  by  Mr.  Bethell  and  imported  by 
Aaron  Ramsey.  He  was  foaled  in  1760  by  Babraham  out 
of  Riot  (by  Regulus). 


146  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Creeper,  a  bay  horse,  bred  by  Lord  A.  Hamilton.  He 
was  foaled  in  1768  by  Tandem  out  of  Harriet  (by 
Mate  hem). 

Genius,  a  bay  horse,  bred  by  Mr,  Keck,  and  stood  in 
New  York.  He  was  foaled  in  1753  by  Babraham  out  of 
Aura  (by  Stamford  Turk). 

Granby,  also  called  Marquis  of  Granby,  a  bay  horse, 
bred  by  Mr.  Wildman.  He  is  probably  the  same  as  Samuels' 
Granby  that  ran  at  Philadelphia  in  1767.  He  was  foaled 
in  1759,  by  Blank  out  of  a  dam  by  Crab. 

Fair  Rachel,  a  chestnut  mare,  bred  by  Benjamin  Rogers, 
of  Middleham,  near  Epsom,  and  imported  by  Colonel  De- 
Lancy.  She  was  foaled  in  1753,  by  Babraham  out  of  a 
dam  by  the  Bolton  Starling.  Pick  says:  "She  was  a  mare 
of  great  power  and  strength ;  had  an  uncommon  share  of 
goodness  and  lastingness".  She  won  a  large  number  of 
plates. 

Of  the  New  York  native-bred  stock  we  men- 
tion: 

Bashaw,  a  bay  horse,  15^  hands,  foaled  1768  by  im- 
ported Wildair  and  bred  by  Colonel  DeLancy ;  his  dam  by 
imported  Cub.  He  ran  in  Maryland  in  1772,  and  left  his 
impress  upon  his  descendants. 

Nettle,  a  bay  mare,  daughter  of  imported  Granby  out 
of  Nell  Gwynne  (by  imported  J  anus)  ^  foaled  1768  and 
bred  by  Colonel  DeLancy.  She  ran  in  Maryland  in  1773, 
and  was  owned  in  1780  by  Horatio  Turpin  of  Virginia. 
And  Sultana,  daughter  of  imported  Wildair,  bred  and 
owned  by  Colonel  DeLanc5\  She  ran  in  Maryland  in  1772, 
1773.  Also,  Ruth  Blacklegs,  bred  by  Colonel  DeLancy, 
and  the  Wildair  mare,  bred  and  owned  by  Joseph  Ander- 
son ;  both  daughters  of  irfiported  Wildair. 


Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days  I4J 

Colonel  DeLancy  was  also  the  owner  of  True  Briton 
(son  of  Lloyd's  Maryland  horse  Traveller,  son  of  Morton's 
imported  Traveller  out  of  Tayloe's  imported  Jenny  Cam- 
eron). The  dam  of  True  Briton  was  Betty  Leedcs, 
daughter  of  Babraham  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  and  out 
of  a  mare  by  the  Bolton  Starling. 

Long  Island  was  the  chief  place  for  horse- 
racing  as  far  back  in  time  as  1665,  when  Govern- 
or NichoUs  announced  that  a  horse-race  would 
be  held  at  Hempstead,  or  Salisbury  Plains,  "not 
so  much  for  the  divertissement  of  youth  as  for 
encouraging  the  bettering  the  breed  of  horses, 
which  through  great  neglect  had  been  impaired." 

In  1669,  Governor  Lovelace  ordered  that 
races  should  be  run  in  May  of  each  year  over 
this  course,  the  prize  being  "a  crown  in  silver  or 
the  value  thereof  in  wheat."  In  1670,  Daniel 
Denton,  an  early  settler  of  Jamaica,  L.  I.,  men- 
tions this  plain  as  extending  for  sixteen  miles  in 
length  and  four  miles  in  breadth,  and  located 
near  the  middle  of  Long  Island.  The  race- 
course was  called  New  Market,  and  was  situated 
near  the  Isle  of  Trees,  or  where  Hyde  Park  is  at 
present. 

A  London  racing-book  of  1776  says  of  the 
Hempstead  New  Market  course:  "These  plains 
are  celebrated  for  their  races  throughout  all  the 
colonies  and  even  in  England.  They  are  held 
twice  a  year  for  a  silver  cup,  to  which  the  gentry 
of  New  England  and  New  York  resort." 


148  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

As  early  as  1757,  there  was  a  track  in  Jamai- 
ca, Long  Island,  around  Beaver  Pond;  another 
on  the  Lispenard  Meadows  in  Greenwich  Vil- 
lage (old  Ninth  Ward)  ;  and  a  running-track 
owned  by  the  DeLancys  in  1776,  fronting  on  the 
Bowery,  the  stable  being  on  old  First  Street 
(now  Chrystie)  and  the  paddock  on  old  Second 
Street  (now  Forsyth).  There  was  a  course  at 
Newtown,  L.  L,  in  1758,  one  at  Harlem  and  an- 
other at  Newburgh. 

The  chief  racing  stables  in  the  Province  of 
New  York  were  those  of  Mr.  Lewis  Morris,  Jr., 
and  of  Mr.  James  DeLancy.  The  former  won 
a  reputation  with  American  Childers;  the  latter 
with  his  imported  horse  Lath.  "The  DeLancy 
stables  were  the  most  costly  in  the  North,  and 
their  colors  were  seen  on  every  course  for  ten 
years  before  the  Revolution." 

On  24th  February,  172 1,  a  race  was  held  on 
the  New  Market  (Hempstead)  course  which  at- 
tracted attention.  The  race  was  given  by  "the 
inhabitants  of  Queens  County  on  Nassau  Island;' 
and  the  winning  horse  was  owned  by  Samuel 
Bayard.  In  October  1726,  a  subscription  plate 
of  £20  was  run  for  on  the  course  at  New  York. 
In  1742,  a  race  was  run  on  the  Church  Farm  just 
northwest  of  the  old  Astor  House  property  site. 

On  4th  June  1750,  the  "New  York  Postboy" 
announced:  "On  Friday  last  there  was  a  great 
horse-race  on  Hempstead  Plains  which  engaged 


Blooded  Horses   of   Colonial  Days  14Q 

the  attention  of  so  many  of  the  city  of  New  York 
that  upwards  of  70  chairs  and  chaises  were  car- 
ried over  Brooklyn  Ferry  the  day  before,  besides 
a  far  greater  number  of  horses.  The  number 
of  horses  on  the  plains  exceeded,  it  is  thought, 
one  thousand."  In  October  of  this  year,  Lewis 
Morris,  Jr.'s  horse  won  on  the  Church  Farm 
course. 

In  1763,  the  "New  York  Mercury"  tells  of  a 
"Free  Masons'  Purse"  for  best  two  in  three 
heats,  each  heat  three  times  round  Beaver  Pond. 
Freemasons  were  to  be  "inspectors"  of  this  race. 

In  1764,  the  Macaroni  Club  offered  £100 
and  £50  prizes.  At  these  races  DeLancy's  horse 
Lath  was  the  winner.  On  28th  September  1769, 
Lath  won  a  £100  race  at  Philadelphia.  In 
October  1770,  Jacob  Hiltzheimer,  the  well 
known  horse-breeder  of  Philadelphia,  appeared 
at  the  track  on  Hempstead  Plains,  where  two 
purses  of  £50  were  offered,  but  his  chestnut 
horse  Regulus  failed  to  capture  the  prizes. 

Before  or  during  the  Revolution,  the  English 
officers  quartered  about  New  York  had  estab- 
lished a  race-track  on  Long  Island,  and  we  know 
of  one  instance,  at  least,  when  one  of  these  of- 
ficers surreptitiously  "borrowed"  a  fine  horse 
belonging  to  one  of  the  inhabitants  to  match  him 
in  a  race.  The  horse  was  restored,  after  the 
race,  to  the  rightful  owner  upon  complaint  of 
the  latter. 


The  Thoroughbred  Horse  in 
Pennsylvania 


Pennsylvania  never  shone  conspicuously  on 
the  early  racing  turf,  a  fact  which  may  be  ex- 
plained on  account  of  the  attitude  with  respect 
to  amusements  maintained  by  the  Quaker  settlers 
of  that  Province.  The  Philadelphia  Yearly 
Meeting  in  1716,  advised  Friends  "that  such  be 
dealt  with  as  run  races,  either  on  horseback  or  on 
foot,  laying  wagers  or  use  any  gaming  or  need- 
less and  vain  sports  and  pastimes,  for  our  time 
passeth  swiftly  away,  and  our  pleasure  and  de- 
light ought  to  be  in  the  law  of  the  Lord." 

The  Belsize  Arabian,  a  grey  horse,  was  imported  into 
Pennsylvania  and  stood  in  Philadelphia  in  1768.  He  was 
much  admired  for  his  beautiful  form  and  elegant  carriage 
which,  with  his  strength  and  size,  rendered  him  equally 
qualified  for  mixing  his  blood  with  American  racing  mares, 
as  well  as  those  kept  for  other  purposes ;  the  Arabian  horses 
being  remarkable  for  stamping  their  figure  and  other  quali- 
ties on  their  stock. 

Northumberland,  also  called  the  "Irish  Grey",  was  bred 
by  Lord  Mazarine  and  imported  with  his  full  sister  Lady 
Northumberland,  by  Mr.  Crow.  He  was  foaled  by 
Bustard  out  of  a  dam  by  Crab;  his  granddam  by  Babraham. 
He  stood  in  Philadelphia  in  1768  and  raced  there  in  1767, 
when  he  was  defeated  by  Galloway's  Maryland  horse  Sel'un. 


152  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Old  England,  a  bay  horse,  imported  about  the  same  time 
as  Northumberland,  belonged  to  Mr.  Leary.  He  ran  at 
Philadelphia  in  1767  and  was  defeated  by  Selim  of  Mary- 
land. He  was  begot  by  Old  England  (foaled  1741,  by  the 
Godolphin  Arabian  out  of  the  Little  Hartley  mare  that  was 
dam  of  Bartlett's  Childers). 

Whirligig,  a  dark  bay,  was  imported  into  Philadelphia 
in  1773,  by  Captain  Allen.  He  was  a  successful  racer  and 
stood  in  North  Carolina.  He  was  a  son  of  Lord  Port- 
more's  Captain;  his  dam  by  the  Devonshire  Blacklegs;  his 
fourth  dam  by  D'Arcy's  royal  mare. 

Fellow,  a  chestnut  horse,  foaled  1757  by  Cade,  and  the 
Pacolet  mare,  also  called  Molly  Pacolet,  foaled  1768  by 
Pacolet  out  of  Whiteneck  (by  Crab)  were  other  Pennsyl- 
vania importations. 

The  native-bred  blooded  stock  shows: 

Granby,  Liberty,  Lovelace,  Mercator,  Peacock,  and  Stamp. 

In  1761,  appears  the  first  public  announce- 
ment of  a  race,  wherein,  it  is  stated,  the  terms  of 
running  the  intended  races  "at  the  Centre  race 
ground — to  run  three  times  round  the  Course 
each  heat."  These  grounds  at  the  time  were 
familiarly  called  "the  Governor's  Woods".  At 
the  Center  Square  the  races  were  continued  until 
the  Revolution.  There  were,  apparently,  regu- 
lar race  meetings  at  Philadelphia  as  early  as 
1767. 


The  Horse  in  New  England 


It  is  stated,  according  to  Prince's  Annals, 
that  there  were  no  horses  in  New  England  in 
1632,  but  that  they  evidently  made  their  appear- 
ance between  that  year  and  1636.  In  June  1636, 
Rev.  Thomas  Hooker  and  Rev.  Samuel  Stone, 
with  about  one  hundred  settlers  from  Massa- 
chusetts, arrived  in  Connecticut  and  founded 
Hartford.  "Mrs.  Hooker  was  carried  in  a 
horse-litter." 

However,  Mr.  Henry  W.  Herbert,  the  editor 
of  Frank  Forester's  "The  Horse  of  America," 
informs  us  that  in  1629  horses  and  mares  were 
brought  into  the  plantations  of  Massachusetts 
Bay,  by  Francis  Higginson,  formerly  of  Lei- 
cestershire, from  which  county  many  of  the  ani- 
mals were  imported. 

Dr.  John  Clarke  (1598-1664),  of  Boston, 
brother-in-law  to  Sir  Richard  Saltonstall,  in- 
troduced a  breed  at  Plymouth  known  by  his 
name.  His  will  left  his  large  stock  of  horses, 
mares  and  colts,  both  in  the  Massachusetts  and 
the  Plymouth  colonies,  to  his  son  John  and  his 
daughter  Mrs.  Drew.  In  1650,  horses  and  other 
cattle  were  especially  abundant  in  New  Eng- 
land, and  a  good  mare  brought  from  100  to  120 


154  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

florins,  and  a  stallion  lOO  florins  (about  $35) ,  we 
are  told  by  a  Dutch  authority. 

Prior  to  the  Revolution,  there  was  in  Con- 
necticut a  noted  imported  horse  called  Ranger, 
later  known  as  Lindsay's  Arabian,  that  was 
brought  into  the  colony  in  1766,  when  four  years 
old.  He  is  described  as  a  white  horse,  of  the 
most  perfect  form  and  symmetry,  rather  above 
15  hands  high,  possessing  high  and  gallant  tem- 
per, which  gave  him  a  lofty  and  commanding 
carriage  and  appearance. 

The  history  of  this  horse  is  interesting.  Ac- 
cording to  the  story  told  by  one  who  saw  him  in 
his  later  years,  he  was  presented  by  the  Emperor 
of  Morocco  to  the  Commander  of  a  British  frig- 
ate for  some  important  service  rendered  by  the 
latter  to  the  son  of  the  Emperor.  He  was  ship- 
ped on  board  the  frigate  with  the  expectation 
of  obtaining  a  great  price  for  him  if  safely 
landed  in  England.  For  some  reason,  the  vessel 
called  at  one  of  the  West  India  islands  where, 
being  obliged  to  remain  for  some  time,  the  cap- 
tain in  compassion  to  the  horse  allowed  him  to 
range  for  exercise  in  a  large  but  enclosed  lumber 
yard.  In  a  spirit  of  playfulness,  the  horse  as- 
cended one  of  the  piles  of  lumber  and  fell,  break- 
ing three  of  his  legs. 

In  the  same  harbor,  at  that  time,  there  hap- 
pend  to  be  an  old  acquaintance  of  the  British 
captain's,    from   New   England,    to   whom    the 


Blooded   Horses   of   Colonial  Days  15S 

horse  was  oflfered  as  an  animal  of  inestimable 
value,  could  he  be  cured.  The  offer  was  ac- 
cepted and  the  horse  brought  on  board  the  vessel 
of  the  New  England  captain,  who  secured  him 
in  slings  and  very  carefully  set  and  bound  up  his 
broken  legs.  He  was  finally  landed  in  Connecti- 
cut where  he  must  have  covered  mares  for  sev- 
eral seasons. 

About  the  year  1777  or  '78,  General  Harry 
Lee  of  the  American  Cavalry,  and  his  officers 
had  their  attention  directed  to  some  very  fine 
horses  of  the  Eastern  States  that  were  employed 
on  the  public  service,  and  inquiries  were  made 
respecting  their  history,  with  such  interesting 
results  that  Captain  Lindsay  was  sent  to  make  a 
more  minute  investigation  into  the  matter,  and 
with  instructions  to  purchase  the  sire  of  these 
fine  horses,  if  possible. 

His  mission  was  successful,  and  Ranger  was 
accordingly  purchased  and  taken  to  Virginia, 
where  he  covered  mares  at  an  exceedingly  high 
price  and  with  excellent  results.  He  stood  at 
Mr.  Edelin's,  near  Piscataway,  Maryland,  in 
1782.  His  stock  was  very  valuable,  and  many 
capital  race-horses  and  brood-mares  were  de- 
scended from  him.  He  was  known  as  Lindsay's 
Arabian  from  the  circumstances  narrated  above. 

Mr.  Freeman  Kilborn  of  Connecticut  im- 
ported Magnum  Bonum,  a  roan  horse.  He  was 
bred  by  Mr.   Bethell,  and  foaled  in   1773,  by 


I S(>  Blooded  Horses  of  Colonial  Days 

Matchem  out  of  a  dam  by  Swift;  his  granddam 
by  Regulus;  his  seventh  dam  Leedes'  Hobby 
mare  by  the  Lister  Turk. 

In  the  New  England  States,  the  settlers  of 
which  were  for  the  most  part  attached  to  the 
Puritan  party  and  therefore  opposed  to  all  forms 
of  amusements  and  pastimes  as  frivolous  and  un- 
profitable, and  to  horse-racing  more  especially 
as  profane  and  positively  wicked,  very  few 
horses  of  thoroughbred  blood  were  imported 
and  racing  has  never  taken  any  root  in  them. 
No  stable  of  racers  was  known  to  the  eastward 
of  New  York. 

FINIS 


INDEX 

Page 

Alston,    Col.    William 137 

Ambler,  Edward    106 

Anderson,    Joseph    146 

Baltimore,  Lord   37,  50 

Barnes,  Col.  Abraham 67,  73,  96 

Bayard,  Samuel  148 

Baylor,  George    105 

Baylor,  Col.  John 64,  74,  86.  100,  103-4,  106,  121,     125 

Beall,  William  30 

Beanes,  Mr 64,  65,  Ti,      90 

Beckwith,   Sir   Marmaduke 106 

"Belair"    35,  38,  39,  42-45 

Bladen,  Ann   36, 41 

Bladen,  Thomas    Zd,  Z7 

Bland,  Theodorick    62,  74,  79-96, 106,  116-121, 123-128 

Boone,   Mr 133 

Booth,  Mordecai   101,    106 

Bowery.  The   148 

Bowie  Station   39 

Bowie   Family    45 

Braddock,   Gen.    Edward 45 

Braxton,    Carter    103,  106,  114-121    128 

Brent,   William    52,  79-96,  106,  120,  121,  124-128 

Brogden,  William  71,     77 

Brooke,  Thomas,  Jr 30 

Browne,   Mr 138 

Bucephalus    14 

Bullen,  Mr 59,  60,  70,  73,  79-96,    115 

Burnaby,  Rev.   Andrew 99 

Burwell,    Col.    Lewis 91,  93,  94,  106,  115-121,  125-128 

Butler,   Capt 56,75,     82 

Byrd,  Col.  William 47,  56,  74,  94,  106,  114-121    128 

Cadwalader,  Gen.   John 71,     77 

Calvert,  Benedict 47,  58-60,  7i,  79-96,    115 

Carroll  "of  Carrollton,"  Charles 66,  71,  7Z,  77,     86 

Carter,  Landon   106 

Carter,  Robert  40 

Caruthers,  James    106 

"Catton"    38 

Chambers,  Mr 138 


Page 

Cheswell,  Col HI,  121,  124 

Chew,  Ann  46 

Chew,  Benjamin  46 

Chickashaw  Breed   131 

Christie,  James   58 

Churchill,  Mr 133 

Churchill,  WiUiam   106 

Clarke,  Dr.  John 153 

Cocke,  Brazure Ill,  122,  128 

Coke,  Mr 50 

Colville,  Col 103,  107 

Conestoga  Wagon  Horse 143 

Conner,  John 29,  30,  55 

Conway,  Peter 107,  121,  122,  126 

Coudins,  Mr 138 

Coursey,  Edward   71,  11 

Craddock,  Mr 100 

Crawford,  Mr 138 

Crow,  Mr 151 

Darnall,  John   32 

Davidson,  Major  John 71,  11 

DeLancy,  Col.  James 64-67,  74,  79-96,  118,  121,  144-149 

Digges,  Ignatius 56,  70,  73,  87,  95 

Drayton,  William  Henry 133,  135 

Drummond,  Mr Ill 

Dulany,  Daniel 40.  62,  63,  IZ,  87,  89 

Duvall,  Judge  G 51 

Duvall,  Howard    54 

Duvall,  Mareen    38 

Duvall,  Samuel  107 

Early  Racing  Announcements 29,  55.  Ill,  134.  148.  152 

Eden,  Gov.  (Sir)  Robert 47,  62-63,  65,  67.  68,  12>, 

79-96, 117-121 

Edloe,  John 107.  114-122,  127 

"Enfield  Chase"    38 

Evans,  Capt.  William 107 

Farley,  J.  P 119 

Farrell,  Kennedy 32 

Fauntleroy,  Moore 66.  74.  87,  107.  118-122.  124-128 

Fenwick,  Mr 133,  137 

Ferrers,  Master  of  Horse 17 

Fitzhugh,  William 63-67,  74.  79-96,  107,  117-122,  125-128 

Flanders  Breed  143 


Page 

Floyd,  Mr 138 

Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales 37,  50 

Free  Masons'   Purse 149 

Galloway,  John    46 

Galloway,  Joseph    11 

Galloway,  Richard    46 

Galloway,  Samuel Z2>,  45,  46,  52,  54,  61,  63,  66 

69,  71,  IZ,  11,  79-96,  115-121, 151 

Gantt.  Capt.  Thomas,  Jr 57,  59,  IZ,  79-96 

Gibbes,  Mr 133 

Godolphin  Arabian 21,  49,  50,     84 

"Godolphin  Arabian  of  Md." 51 

"Godolphin  Arabian  of  Va." 100 

Godolphin,  Earl  of 49,  50,  52 

Goode,  John  101,    107 

Gough,   Harry  Dorsey 68,  73,  79-96 

Gould,  Mr 138 

Gower,  John 107 

Greenwich  Village   148 

Gregory,  Roger  107,  116,  122,    124 

Grymes,  Benjamin   107,  120,  122,    126 

Gullfaxi    15 

Hall,  Henry 47.  59,  60,  62,  73,  79-96 

Hall,  Richard  Bennett 77 

Hamilton,  Duke  of 53 

Hamilton,  Dr.  Thomas 28,  33,  46,  53,  54,  59-67,  69, 

70,  12,,  79-96, 115-121 
Hammond,  William — See  illustration  opp.  page  80. 

Hampton  Court   21 

Hampton.  Gen.   Wade 137 

Hardyman,  Capt.  Littleberry 105,  107,  114-122,126-128 

Hardyman,  William 107,119,    122 

Harleston,   Edward    133,    135 

Harris,  Col.  James 107 

Harrison,  Mr 56,  75,  79-96 

Harrison,  Capt.   Henry    107 

Harrison,  Nathaniel    102.    107 

Harrison,  Samuel    11 

Harwood,  Thomas  30 

Haynes,  Mr 101 

Heath,  Daniel 59.  66.  73,  79-96 

Henderson.  Rev.  Jacob 38 

Higginson.  Francis   153 

Hiltzheimer,  Jacob   149 

Hopper.  Capt 57.  13,     89 


Page 
Horses : 

Md.  Importations  26,  50-54,  73-74 

In  Md.  Turf  Contests 55-71,  79-96 

Md.  Racers  and  Their  Owners 73-74,  79-96 

Va.  Racers  vs.  Md 74,  79-96 

Va.  Importations   100-104 

In  Va.  Turf  Contests 114-121 

Va.  Racers  and  Their  Owners 121-122 

S.  C.  Importations 131-132 

S.  C.  Native-bred 132 

S.  C.  Racers 137 

N.  C.  Native-bred 138 

N.  Y.  Racers  vs.  Md 74,  79-96,    146 

N.  Y.  Importations 144 

Pa.   Importations    151 

Pa.  Native-bred   152 

Howard,  Col.  John  E 67,  71,     11 

Hrimf axi    15 

Huger,  Frank   132,    133 

Hulst,  Pieter  Evertsen 143 

Ijams,  William 64-66,  12>,  79-96 

Izard,  Mr 133 

Jockey  Clubs 21,  26,  30,  52,  70,  11,  113,    133 

Jogues,  Rev.   Isaac 144 

Johnson,  Governor   138 

Jones,  Mr 138 

Jones,  Charles 107,  114-122,  126-128 

"Ladies'  Purse"   62 

"Larkin's    Forest"    38 

Laws  Concerning  Horses  in  Maryland 25,     26 

Leary,  Mr 75,  88.    152 

Lee,  Gen.  Henry 155 

Lee,  Philip    107 

Lee,  Richard 102,  107,  115-122,  126-128 

Lightfoot,  Armistead 107,  122,    126 

Lightfoot,  William  107 

Lindsay,  Capt.  William 112,    155 

Lispenard,  Meadows   148 

Littlepage,  James   107 

Lloyd,  Col.  Edward.  .47,  63,  64,  66,  70,  11,  79-96,  103,  117-121,   147 

Lloyd,  Richard  B H 

Lonsdale,  Lord   102 

Lovelace,  Gov 147 

Lowndes,  Christopher   40 

Lux,  Darby — See  illustration  opp.  page  80. 

Lyles,  Mr 67 


Page 

McCarty,  Daniel 61-64,  74,  79-96,  107,  116-128 

McPherson,  Col 137 

MacCubbin,  James  n 

MacGill,  Patrick 47,  61,  70,  11,  79-96 

Macklin,  Mr 107 

Mansell,  Mr 132,    133 

Maryland  Gazette  passim. 

Maryland  Jockey  Club 26,  70,  77 

Maryland  Sportsmen 73 

Mason,  Thomson   107 

Masters,  Mr 63-66,  75,  79-96,  117-121 

Matthews  Family  132 

Mercer,  Col.  John 107 

Middleton,  William   133 

Minor,  Thomas 107,  121,  122,  124-128 

Mitchell,  Henry  107 

Morris,  Lewis,  Jr 148 

Morton,  James   93,    147 

Moultrie,  William  133,    137 

"Mount  Airy" 33,  45,  105,    106 

"Mount  Calvert  Manor" 53 

Murdock's  Old  Fields 30 

Murray,  Dr.  William 71,     77 

Myrant,  John  132,    133 

Nelson,  Major  John 107 

Nevins,  Mr 64,  75,     84 

"New  York  Mercury" 149 

"New  York  Post  Boy" 148 

Nicholas,  George   107 

NichoUs,  Gov 147 

Nicholson,  Col 67,  68,  74,  89,    118 

Nightingale,  Thomas  133,    135 

Ogle,  Ann   (Tasker)    40,41 

Ogle,  Benjamin 40-43,  64,  66,  71,  74,  77,     81 

Ogle,  Samuel  (Gov.) 26,  27,  32,  33,  35-42,  50,  55,  74,  90,     92 

Ogle  House  at  Annapolis 42 

Orr,  Mr 75.     88 

Paca,  Gov.  William 70,     77 

Page,  Mann 108,  119-122,  124-128 

Parker,  Mr 133 

Patton,  Samuel   108 

Pearce,  Henry  W 71,     77 

Plater,  Col.  George 56,    106 

Plater,  Gov.  George 71,  77,    106 


Page 

Plater,  Rebecca  106 

Poindexter,  Geo.  B 108 

Pope,  Mr 138 

Price,  Halcott   119 

Pride,  James   108 

Prince's  Annals   153 

Procter,  Mr 108,  119-121,  122,  125 

Puckett,  Mr 138 

Puritans  Opposed  to  Racing 156 

Quakers  Opposed  to  Racing 151 

Quarter-Racing    26,  113 

Quincy,  Josiah   136 

Races,  Report  of 68 

Race  Tracks  (Private) 45,  106 

Racing  Centers 27,  28,  31,  47,  53,  76,  111,  113,  121, 

134-139, 147-149 

Racing  Memorabilia 52,  79-96,  111-121,  134-139,  147-149 

Ramsey,  Aaron  145 

Randolph,  Thos.  N 108,  114-122,  124 

Ravenel,  Dr.  Daniel 132,  135 

Remarkable  Race,  A 32 

Rice,  Mr 57 

"Ridgely's  Addition"    38 

Ridgely,  Charles — See  Illustration  opp  page  80. 

Ridgely,  Col.  Henry 38 

Ridout,  John    40 

Risteau,  Isaac   58 

Roberts,  Robert 62,  74.  84 

Robinson,  Maximilian 108,  119,  122,  127 

Ruffin,  Robert   108 

Russell,  Thomas  11 

Salisbury  Plains   147 

Samuels,  Mr 75, 84 

Scrub  Races   26,  99 

Sharpe,  Gov.  Horatio 33,  40,  45-47,  50,  56,  57, 

61,63,74,79-96,117 

Shaw,  Samuel  108 

Shuttleworth,  Dr 62,  64.  75,  79-96,  116 

Sim,  Col.  Joseph 47,  59,  63-65,  67.  74,  93,  117,  145 

Singleton,  Col 136,  137 

Skipwith,  Sir  P 108 

Slaughter,  Robert 66,  74,  79-96,  108,  118-123,  128 


Page 

Sleepner    15 

Smith,  William 108,  120,  122,    128 

Spotswood,  Alex 63,  64.  74.  79-96,  108,  117-123,    128 

Sprigg,  Richard 60.  70,  74,  77,92 

Steuart,  Charles    71,  77 

Steuart,  Dr.  James    71,  77 

Steuart,  William    71,77 

Stoddert,    Benj.    C 71, 11 

Stone,  Col.  John 71,77 

Sumter,  Mr 137 

Symmes,  Col.  John 102,    108 

Taliaferro,  Walker 108,  120,  122    128 

Tasker,  Ann   36,  39,     41 

Tasker,  Col.  Benj.,  Jr Z2>,  40-45,  51,  54,  56,  74,  79-96,    114 

Tasker,  Hon.   Benj.,    Sr 36,  38-41 

Tasker,  Elizabeth    40 

Tasker,  Frances    40 

Tasker,  Rebecca    40 

Tasker,  Thomas    40, 41 

Tasker's   Stud    45 

Tasker's  Vineyard  44 

Tayloe,  Col.  John  1 105 

Tayloe,  Col.  John  II 33,  45,  47,  56,  60,  62,  74,  79-96 

102,  103,  105,  108,  114-128,  147 

Tayloe,  Col.  John  III II 

Tayloe's  Stud  106 

Taylor,  Mr 138 

Thomas,  Mr 69,  75,  79-96 

Thomas,  Mary  46 

Thompson,  Major  137 

Thornton,  Col.  Francis 47,  56,  69,  74,  86,  108,  114-122 

Thornton,  Col.  Presley 108 

Thornton,  Peter  Presley 108,  120,    123 

Tilghman,  James,  Jr 71,  77 

"Tulip  Hill" ii,  45,  46,  52 

Turnbull,  Mr 108,  114-122,    126 

Turpin,  Horatio   146 

Turpin,  Capt.  Thomas 108 

Tyler,  Robert 59,  74,  79-96 

Van  Tienhoven,  Cornelia 144 

Van  Twiller,  Gov.  Wouter 143 

Virginia  Gazette,  passim. 

Va.  Importers,  Breeders  and  Sportsmen 104-106 

Va.  Native-Bred  Horses,  etc 109 


Page 

Walker,  John   108 

Walthoe,  Nathaniel 108,  116.  122,  124-128 

Warren,  Mr 66,  74,  79-96,  118-122,    127 

Washington,  George   48,    108 

Washington,  William  137 

Waters,  Mr 65,  74,  87.  89 

^    Whiting,  Francis 108,  115-122,    125 

Whittaker,  Mr 138 

Wickham,  Capt.  Nath ' 32 

Wigfall,  Mr 137 

Williams,  Roger   50 

Williamson,  Mr 133 

Willis,  Augustine   105 

Willis,  Col.  John 105,    108 

Winston,  William  0 108 

Wolstenholme,  Daniel 74,  93,  96 

"Woodcock  Range"  38 

Woodward,  William   39 

Wormeley,  Ralph  108 

Worrell,  Edward 62,  74,  79-96 

Yieldhall,  William 59,  79-96 

Young,  Notley 61,  69,  74,  79-96 

Young,  Col.  William 58 


um'-0u 


